The long boat to Port Vila

If you live on an outer island in Vanuatu and you want a national ID card, you go to Port Vila. Aaron Boyd described the trip on the CEO.com Podcast: an eight-hour drive, a 12-hour boat ride, another three hours in a truck. The national airline is unreliable, so the boat is usually the option. The ticket costs enough that people save for six months. Most of them go for one reason: they need the ID to get a seasonal work visa for Australia or New Zealand. They get to the capital, get the card, find a job, find friends, start drinking kava in the evenings. "They don't go back," Boyd said.

Boyd runs Welchman Keen, a technology advisory firm headquartered in Singapore that spends most of its time on problems like that one. He would object to the word "developing" for the countries where the firm works, and said so, because it implies improvement is the only direction. He is from Utah, sort of. He lived in the state until he was eight, then grew up in Israel and Cyprus, then came back for what he still calls uni, then left again. He lives in Australia now. All the moving gave him, in his words, "this allergy against being the tourist."

The idea Boyd has been selling to governments in the Pacific is that the fix for the boat ride is not more connectivity. It is connectivity with a purpose attached. Welchman Keen calls its version the Economic Micro-Hub, a shared facility that puts internet access under the same roof as e-government services, a place to do remote work, online classes, and someone to explain what a phishing email is.

The first one opened on April 9 in Emua, a village on Efate, in partnership with Vanuatu's Department of Communications and Digital Transformation. Prime Minister Jotham Napat cut the ribbon. Samsung New Zealand supplies the hardware. The next target is Malakula, an island Boyd said has no connectivity at all.

The pitch is that a young person on Malakula could get the ID from home, take the job from home, and never need the boat. Whether that holds depends on things the hub can't control, like whether the jobs exist and whether a 20-year-old with a working link to Brisbane wants to stay on Malakula. Boyd is candid about this. He said the goal is to make staying an option, not a requirement, and that if people want to leave, "great." A firm that gets paid to build hubs has an interest in that answer. It also happens to be the right one.

Boyd said something else that is rarer in this line of work. "We talk about connecting the unconnected. There are people who should be, honestly. We don't need to connect everyone." The ITU counts 2.2 billion people still offline in 2025, nearly all of them in low- and middle-income countries. Twenty years of projects have wired villages and left.

"People get online, and the first thing they download is Facebook, and they think that's the internet," Boyd said. He wants the platforms at the table for what comes after, the scams and the misinformation, in countries that have no leverage to make them show up.

He also warned against the reflex that outsiders bring to remote places. "Your instinct is to see poverty, and it's just not the case. It's just a way of life." His comparison was camping. You adapt, unless you bought everything REI sells to avoid adapting. No sociology course fixes that reflex, he said. You have to go. The firm's lead on the ground is Dalsie Baniala Tolang, the first ni-Vanuatu to run the country's telecom regulator, and the government takes Welchman Keen into villages, not the reverse.

The résumé, briefly. Before Welchman Keen, Boyd was president of international at Silent Circle, the Geneva encrypted-phone company, and before that chief strategy officer at ABI Research, according to a biography the ITU published for a 2020 event. ABI and the International Telecommunication Union jointly produced the first Global Cybersecurity Index, a project begun in 2013 and published in 2015 that now ranks nearly every country on its cyber commitments. Boyd, by his own account, drove that partnership from ABI's side, helped stand up the ITU's regional cyber-drill program, and received the ITU's silver medal for the work.

He is still around Geneva enough that the agency interviewed him at its development conference last November, and the firm's principal advisor is Chaesub Lee, who ran the ITU's standards bureau for eight years. Boyd spent part of the conversation trying to get Utah executives to care about the ITU, which he called "the place where the world is agreed." Nobody knows about it, he said, and there's no reason they would.

Welchman Keen has been a certified B Corp since July 2023, which took a year of audits and means the social commitments are in the articles of incorporation, so a buyer or a new board can't quietly remove them. It has been remote-first since before anyone used the phrase, something Boyd said he had wanted to build for 20 years. In Singapore, where office culture is structured, and the return-to-office push is real, he said scheduling meetings around school pickup buys loyalty that salary doesn't. The firm is also recruiting mentors for the CEO Project, a six-month program with CEO.com that pairs operators with entrepreneurs in the communities the hubs serve.

On AI, Boyd was less interested in the jobs debate than in two narrow uses. One is biometric registration for adults who were never enrolled in any system and may not know their own birth date, which in Vanuatu means they cannot vote. The other is translation, because "you may have a budding engineer who just isn't great, and they're judged on their English, not on their engineering skills." His larger concern is who writes the values into the models. He pointed to the ITU's AI for Good summit in Geneva, which drew ministers from 100 countries in 2025, as the one room where that argument is actually being had.

Every episode of the CEO.com Podcast ends with the same question. The chances one gives are just as important as the chances one takes, so who gave you one? Boyd's answer was DSW Partners, an ad agency in the Triad Center in Salt Lake City, where he did his first job out of school. A manager whose name he can't recall pulled someone else off the Intel account and put Boyd on it. "He recognized that here was someone who maybe thought a little bit differently," Boyd said, "and maybe that was good."

He is far from Salt Lake City most days now. When the podcast was recorded, he had just come from Grenada and Barbados, where the same conversation about hubs is starting. In Vanuatu, the boat still leaves for Port Vila, and the people on it still mostly don't come back. The test of the Emua hub is whether, a year from now, fewer of them need to board it.

00:00:00 Introduction and Personal Background
00:02:29 Global Operations and Projects
00:04:45 The Digital Nomad Lifestyle
00:07:56 AI's Impact on Future Employment
00:12:47 Cultural Perspectives in AI Development
00:14:07 Understanding Benefit Corporations
00:16:05 Singapore as a Business Hub
00:18:24 Supporting Local Leaders in Communities
00:22:41 Bridging the Connectivity Gap
00:26:27 Common Human Experiences Across Cultures
00:28:32 Conclusion and Acknowledgments

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So,<00:03:51.932> and<00:03:52.334> now<00:03:52.591> we're<00:03:52.671> having<00:03:52.992> these<00:03:53.152> conversations<00:03:54.180> in<00:03:54.501> Latin<00:03:54.758> America<00:03:55.095> and<00:03:55.224> the<00:03:55.304> Caribbean.

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So<00:03:55.978> I<00:03:56.043> just<00:03:56.283> came<00:03:56.508> from<00:03:57.006> Grenada<00:03:57.472> and<00:03:57.729> Barbados<00:03:58.371> and,<00:03:58.997> and<00:03:59.174> there's,<00:03:59.495> uh,<00:03:59.575> you<00:03:59.672> get<00:03:59.864> to<00:03:59.897> be<00:04:00.057> in<00:04:00.138> the<00:04:00.282> cool<00:04:00.539> places,<00:04:01.101> man.

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That's<00:04:01.679> the,<00:04:01.743> that<00:04:01.968> was<00:04:02.065> the<00:04:02.129> point.

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The<00:04:02.305> most<00:04:02.611> beautiful<00:04:02.851> place.

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That's<00:04:03.333> the<00:04:03.494> idea.

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That's<00:04:04.313> the<00:04:04.457> idea,<00:04:05.276> right?

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Is<00:04:06.625> to<00:04:06.706> get<00:04:06.882> to<00:04:06.963> these<00:04:07.123> cool<00:04:07.364> places.

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And,<00:04:08.568> uh,<00:04:08.954> I,<00:04:09.130> I<00:04:09.291> like<00:04:09.596> to,<00:04:10.078> I<00:04:10.110> like<00:04:10.255> to<00:04:10.399> engage<00:04:11.218> when<00:04:11.379> I<00:04:11.459> travel.

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I<00:04:11.941> don't<00:04:12.182> like,<00:04:12.583> um,<00:04:13.209> um,<00:04:14.269> look,<00:04:14.510> I,<00:04:14.751> I,<00:04:14.992> I<00:04:15.153> grew<00:04:15.377> up<00:04:15.570> in,<00:04:15.875> in<00:04:16.036> Israel,<00:04:16.983> um,<00:04:17.979> for<00:04:18.107> many,<00:04:18.364> many<00:04:18.605> years,<00:04:19.247> uh,<00:04:19.954> and,<00:04:20.452> um,<00:04:20.853> lived<00:04:21.078> in<00:04:21.110> Cyprus<00:04:21.656> for<00:04:21.769> many<00:04:22.042> years.

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Um,<00:04:23.262> when<00:04:23.422> I<00:04:23.502> was<00:04:23.967> young<00:04:24.528> and,<00:04:25.089> and<00:04:25.971> lived<00:04:26.083> in<00:04:26.147> a<00:04:26.227> lot<00:04:26.388> of<00:04:26.468> places<00:04:27.253> and,<00:04:27.510> and<00:04:27.670> developed<00:04:27.991> this<00:04:28.536> allergy<00:04:29.594> against,<00:04:30.139> you<00:04:30.171> know,<00:04:30.315> kind<00:04:30.459> of<00:04:30.555> being<00:04:30.796> the<00:04:30.940> tourist.

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And<00:04:32.222> so<00:04:32.319> I<00:04:32.399> like<00:04:32.543> to<00:04:32.639> travel<00:04:32.960> with<00:04:33.056> a<00:04:33.136> purpose<00:04:33.601> and<00:04:33.681> I<00:04:33.761> like<00:04:34.002> to<00:04:34.563> engage<00:04:35.669> in,<00:04:35.925> uh,<00:04:36.246> with<00:04:36.470> governments,<00:04:36.887> with<00:04:37.031> communities,<00:04:37.528> with<00:04:37.688> businesses,<00:04:38.891> and,<00:04:39.372> and<00:04:39.612> bring<00:04:40.093> those,<00:04:40.798> those<00:04:41.055> people<00:04:41.359> together,<00:04:42.401> um,<00:04:42.642> around<00:04:42.994> innovative<00:04:43.475> ideas.

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That's<00:04:44.645> what<00:04:44.725> we're<00:04:44.822> doing.

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And<00:04:45.607> yeah,<00:04:45.944> because<00:04:46.248> I<00:04:46.280> started<00:04:46.601> this<00:04:46.729> conversation,<00:04:47.162> be<00:04:47.290> like,<00:04:47.467> how<00:04:47.707> cool<00:04:47.947> is<00:04:48.252> it<00:04:48.348> that<00:04:48.573> you<00:04:48.733> can,<00:04:49.454> um,<00:04:50.416> figure<00:04:50.673> out<00:04:50.817> a<00:04:50.897> way,<00:04:51.298> like,<00:04:51.491> if<00:04:51.635> you<00:04:51.795> want<00:04:52.100> to<00:04:52.196> stay,<00:04:53.142> uh,<00:04:53.864> and<00:04:54.105> work<00:04:54.361> where<00:04:54.586> you<00:04:54.762> live<00:04:55.083> or<00:04:55.227> where<00:04:55.307> you<00:04:55.468> grew<00:04:55.644> up,<00:04:55.885> how<00:04:56.045> awesome<00:04:56.366> is<00:04:56.510> that?

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But<00:04:57.312> the<00:04:57.344> reverse<00:04:57.729> of<00:04:57.761> that<00:04:57.954> is<00:04:58.050> just<00:04:58.226> as<00:04:58.595> cool,<00:04:59.236> if<00:04:59.349> not<00:04:59.573> cooler,<00:05:00.215> where<00:05:00.519> you<00:05:00.696> can<00:05:01.401> work<00:05:01.642> wherever<00:05:02.043> you<00:05:02.203> want<00:05:02.684> in<00:05:02.781> the<00:05:02.925> world.

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And<00:05:03.807> that<00:05:04.144> technology<00:05:04.785> and<00:05:04.930> that<00:05:05.042> ability,<00:05:05.587> like,<00:05:06.132> that's<00:05:06.245> a<00:05:06.373> relatively<00:05:06.790> new<00:05:07.014> thing.

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Yeah,<00:05:07.736> I<00:05:07.752> mean,<00:05:07.913> it<00:05:08.073> is.

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And<00:05:09.115> the,<00:05:09.436> the<00:05:09.580> idea<00:05:09.853> of<00:05:09.933> a<00:05:10.061> remote-first,<00:05:11.505> um,<00:05:12.387> you<00:05:12.483> know,<00:05:12.579> this,<00:05:12.868> this<00:05:13.044> is,<00:05:13.349> this<00:05:13.509> is<00:05:13.590> not<00:05:13.766> something,<00:05:14.167> at<00:05:14.247> least<00:05:14.472> for<00:05:14.568> me,<00:05:15.370> uh,<00:05:15.931> that<00:05:16.332> that<00:05:18.002> started<00:05:18.403> during<00:05:18.660> COVID<00:05:19.077> I<00:05:19.141> mean,<00:05:19.286> this<00:05:19.446> was<00:05:19.575> something<00:05:19.944> I've<00:05:20.024> been<00:05:20.249> thinking<00:05:20.570> about<00:05:20.827> for<00:05:20.972> 20<00:05:21.309> years,<00:05:21.854> um,<00:05:22.416> wanting<00:05:22.673> to<00:05:22.834> build<00:05:23.091> a<00:05:23.155> company<00:05:23.636> around<00:05:24.134> a<00:05:24.198> remote-first<00:05:24.985> concept.

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Um,<00:05:27.008> you<00:05:27.329> can't<00:05:27.650> do<00:05:27.810> that<00:05:28.195> in<00:05:28.292> every<00:05:28.533> industry.

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You<00:05:28.998> can't<00:05:29.287> do—<00:05:29.480> if,<00:05:29.737> if<00:05:29.881> you're,<00:05:30.234> if<00:05:30.363> you're<00:05:30.860> engaged<00:05:31.406> in,<00:05:32.048> in<00:05:32.145> material<00:05:32.530> production,<00:05:33.011> factory<00:05:33.429> work,<00:05:33.750> it's<00:05:33.894> just<00:05:34.055> you<00:05:34.151> have<00:05:34.536> to<00:05:34.633> have<00:05:34.954> shifts.

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Um,<00:05:35.917> but,<00:05:36.399> but<00:05:37.041> the—<00:05:37.763> I<00:05:37.779> mean,<00:05:37.988> going<00:05:38.229> back<00:05:38.469> historically<00:05:39.208> with<00:05:39.352> the<00:05:39.449> Industrial<00:05:39.866> Revolution,<00:05:41.199> what<00:05:41.375> we<00:05:41.520> have<00:05:41.776> now<00:05:42.098> evolved<00:05:42.659> out<00:05:42.820> of<00:05:42.964> that<00:05:43.462> concept.

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You<00:05:44.265> go<00:05:44.505> to<00:05:44.730> work.

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Yeah.

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And<00:05:46.352> There<00:05:46.448> are<00:05:46.593> a<00:05:46.673> lot<00:05:46.930> of<00:05:47.075> people<00:05:47.557> who<00:05:47.717> choose<00:05:48.039> other<00:05:48.199> careers<00:05:48.665> because<00:05:48.922> they<00:05:49.003> don't<00:05:49.324> like<00:05:49.565> being<00:05:51.654> in<00:05:51.750> an<00:05:51.879> office.

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And<00:05:53.020> that<00:05:53.180> works<00:05:53.421> for<00:05:53.566> some<00:05:53.743> people,<00:05:54.546> but<00:05:55.285> it's<00:05:55.832> nice<00:05:56.298> to<00:05:56.876> think<00:05:57.905> of<00:05:58.065> opportunities<00:05:58.708> for<00:05:58.820> those.

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And<00:05:59.769> I<00:05:59.929> think<00:06:00.170> COVID<00:06:00.958> and<00:06:01.279> everything<00:06:01.616> we<00:06:01.761> went<00:06:01.922> through<00:06:02.082> with<00:06:02.243> lockdowns<00:06:03.143> gave<00:06:03.384> us<00:06:03.609> opportunities<00:06:04.750> to<00:06:04.895> try<00:06:05.156> that<00:06:05.408> out.

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Some<00:06:07.297> people<00:06:07.701> require,<00:06:08.283> some<00:06:08.445> people<00:06:08.784> not<00:06:08.946> require,<00:06:09.495> but<00:06:09.641> some<00:06:09.819> people<00:06:10.126> really<00:06:10.950> thrive<00:06:11.354> in<00:06:11.435> those<00:06:11.596> environments.

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They<00:06:12.227> like<00:06:12.469> being<00:06:12.647> social.

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In<00:06:14.604> the<00:06:14.748> office<00:06:15.004> space,<00:06:15.726> or<00:06:16.126> they<00:06:16.752> like<00:06:17.008> that<00:06:17.168> kind<00:06:17.393> of<00:06:17.810> 9-to-5<00:06:18.451> structure,<00:06:19.236> or<00:06:19.332> they<00:06:19.493> like<00:06:20.054> leaving<00:06:20.374> work<00:06:20.631> at<00:06:20.759> work.

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Other<00:06:21.737> people<00:06:22.058> have<00:06:22.378> a<00:06:22.522> more<00:06:22.763> flexible<00:06:23.244> mindset<00:06:23.580> and<00:06:23.821> they<00:06:24.045> like<00:06:24.286> to—<00:06:25.007> there<00:06:25.440> are<00:06:25.664> those<00:06:26.049> who<00:06:26.209> like<00:06:26.402> to<00:06:26.546> work<00:06:27.171> at<00:06:27.267> 2<00:06:27.492> in<00:06:27.572> the<00:06:27.604> morning<00:06:27.989> and<00:06:28.069> that<00:06:28.293> works<00:06:28.470> for<00:06:28.614> them.

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That's<00:06:29.031> when<00:06:29.175> the<00:06:29.271> creative<00:06:29.736> juices<00:06:30.153> get<00:06:30.377> flowing.

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And<00:06:31.195> so<00:06:32.141> we've<00:06:32.381> tried<00:06:32.637> to<00:06:32.718> create<00:06:33.022> an<00:06:33.118> environment<00:06:33.487> at<00:06:33.583> Welch<00:06:33.840> McKean<00:06:34.224> where<00:06:34.321> the<00:06:34.401> people<00:06:34.657> we<00:06:34.785> hire<00:06:35.106> really<00:06:36.004> are<00:06:36.084> the<00:06:36.164> kinds<00:06:36.549> of<00:06:36.645> people<00:06:36.885> that<00:06:37.030> really<00:06:37.847> thrive<00:06:38.488> in<00:06:38.633> that<00:06:39.210> kind<00:06:39.514> of<00:06:39.611> virtual<00:06:40.011> environment,<00:06:40.572> virtual<00:06:40.957> teams,<00:06:41.598> and<00:06:42.480> can<00:06:43.698> work<00:06:44.660> and<00:06:45.141> find<00:06:45.365> ways<00:06:45.430> ways<00:06:45.526> to<00:06:45.622> be<00:06:46.103> proactive<00:06:46.664> and<00:06:46.744> productive<00:06:47.625> in<00:06:47.689> those<00:06:47.866> environments.

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And<00:06:49.292> there's<00:06:49.853> some<00:06:49.949> people<00:06:50.334> just<00:06:50.991> who<00:06:51.055> have<00:06:51.167> a<00:06:51.231> hard<00:06:51.391> time<00:06:51.632> with<00:06:51.696> that.

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So<00:06:52.513> we<00:06:52.609> try<00:06:52.834> to<00:06:52.914> find<00:06:53.138> the<00:06:53.218> ones<00:06:53.555> who<00:06:54.116> that<00:06:54.421> works<00:06:54.757> for.

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We<00:06:55.799> also<00:06:56.103> found<00:06:57.401> that<00:06:57.882> it<00:06:58.027> builds<00:06:58.219> a<00:06:58.347> lot<00:06:58.523> of<00:06:58.748> loyalty<00:06:59.725> when<00:06:59.950> you<00:07:00.190> have<00:07:00.687> a<00:07:00.767> working<00:07:01.007> environment,<00:07:01.424> especially<00:07:01.969> internationally<00:07:03.011> and<00:07:03.412> in<00:07:03.556> cultures<00:07:03.956> like<00:07:04.069> Singapore<00:07:04.533> where<00:07:04.614> our<00:07:04.758> headquarters<00:07:05.335> is,<00:07:06.072> it's<00:07:06.216> very<00:07:06.376> much<00:07:06.841> built<00:07:07.082> around<00:07:08.059> a<00:07:08.075> structured<00:07:08.700> environment.

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So<00:07:09.566> to<00:07:09.806> offer<00:07:10.127> up<00:07:10.608> a<00:07:10.688> remote-first<00:07:11.649> opportunity,<00:07:12.226> especially<00:07:12.707> for<00:07:13.108> working<00:07:13.428> mothers<00:07:14.390> or<00:07:14.630> others<00:07:14.951> who<00:07:17.020> who<00:07:17.261> have<00:07:17.438> a<00:07:17.454> lot<00:07:17.582> of<00:07:17.662> responsibility<00:07:18.304> in<00:07:18.336> the<00:07:18.465> home<00:07:18.802> or<00:07:19.283> elsewhere,<00:07:20.407> or<00:07:20.487> just<00:07:20.712> really<00:07:20.952> like<00:07:21.193> that<00:07:21.370> flexibility,<00:07:22.814> it's<00:07:22.975> difficult<00:07:23.440> to<00:07:23.536> find<00:07:23.777> companies<00:07:24.499> that<00:07:24.644> offer<00:07:24.965> that,<00:07:25.719> especially<00:07:26.650> with<00:07:27.051> return-to-work<00:07:27.693> policies<00:07:28.833> and<00:07:29.699> hierarchical<00:07:30.662> cultures.

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So<00:07:31.882> we<00:07:32.668> do<00:07:32.845> things<00:07:33.310> like<00:07:34.273> working<00:07:34.674> around<00:07:36.616> school<00:07:37.002> pickup<00:07:37.579> time<00:07:38.045> schedules<00:07:38.703> and<00:07:39.104> making<00:07:39.361> sure<00:07:39.585> that<00:07:39.730> our<00:07:39.890> meetings<00:07:40.452> aren't<00:07:40.709> interfering<00:07:41.816> with<00:07:41.993> some<00:07:42.394> really<00:07:42.555> important<00:07:43.181> key<00:07:43.358> moments<00:07:43.759> in<00:07:43.903> people's<00:07:44.305> lives.

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How<00:07:44.963> is<00:07:45.268> AI<00:07:45.605> changing<00:07:46.312> everything<00:07:47.034> that<00:07:47.146> you<00:07:47.211> just<00:07:47.452> described?

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Like,<00:07:48.720> is<00:07:48.816> it<00:07:48.896> making<00:07:49.314> it<00:07:49.523> easier<00:07:49.860> to<00:07:49.940> do<00:07:50.101> remote<00:07:50.486> work?

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Is<00:07:51.128> it<00:07:51.305> like,<00:07:51.850> and<00:07:52.332> what<00:07:52.428> do<00:07:52.493> you<00:07:52.589> think?

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Like,<00:07:53.215> what<00:07:53.552> are<00:07:53.713> we<00:07:53.857> gonna<00:07:54.018> have<00:07:54.275> jobs<00:07:54.772> in<00:07:54.901> like<00:07:55.142> 5,<00:07:55.399> 10<00:07:55.623> years?

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Yeah.

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I<00:07:56.763> mean,<00:07:57.084> yeah.

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I<00:07:57.582> mean,<00:07:57.871> it's,<00:07:58.353> it's<00:07:58.674> AI<00:07:59.091> is,<00:07:59.476> is<00:07:59.669> still,<00:08:00.937> there's<00:08:01.178> part<00:08:01.499> of<00:08:01.563> me<00:08:01.756> that<00:08:02.061> thinks,<00:08:02.768> um,<00:08:03.185> and<00:08:03.265> there,<00:08:03.506> there's<00:08:03.779> some<00:08:03.972> of<00:08:04.148> this<00:08:04.501> kind<00:08:04.726> of,<00:08:05.095> it's<00:08:05.272> the<00:08:05.352> next<00:08:05.898> like<00:08:06.300> crypto<00:08:06.717> or,<00:08:07.118> or,<00:08:07.584> or<00:08:08.082> blockchain<00:08:08.868> or<00:08:09.061> cloud<00:08:09.768> or<00:08:10.330> 3D<00:08:10.651> printing<00:08:11.309> or<00:08:11.454> whatever<00:08:11.791> the<00:08:11.935> wave<00:08:12.417> of<00:08:12.577> what<00:08:12.738> everyone's<00:08:13.139> talking<00:08:13.557> about<00:08:13.926> is,<00:08:14.568> what<00:08:14.745> comes<00:08:15.243> of<00:08:15.371> that,<00:08:15.628> I<00:08:15.709> think<00:08:16.094> you'll<00:08:16.254> have<00:08:16.495> the<00:08:16.592> wave<00:08:16.929> and<00:08:17.041> then<00:08:17.154> you'll,<00:08:17.459> you'll<00:08:17.716> have<00:08:18.021> what<00:08:18.133> sticks,<00:08:18.920> right?

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Um,<00:08:20.188> AI<00:08:20.590> is<00:08:20.686> a<00:08:20.766> game<00:08:21.007> changer<00:08:21.730> in<00:08:21.874> a<00:08:21.955> lot<00:08:22.147> of<00:08:22.292> ways.

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We'll<00:08:22.934> adapt<00:08:23.335> to<00:08:23.496> it.

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Mm-hmm.

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People<00:08:24.363> will<00:08:24.459> find<00:08:24.764> jobs.

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It's<00:08:25.407> not<00:08:25.567> gonna<00:08:25.744> take<00:08:26.049> those<00:08:26.242> away.

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It,<00:08:26.627> it,<00:08:26.868> it<00:08:27.028> will<00:08:27.269> take<00:08:27.510> away<00:08:27.815> some<00:08:27.992> jobs.

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Um,<00:08:29.196> we<00:08:29.341> have<00:08:29.662> writers<00:08:30.143> that<00:08:30.240> work<00:08:30.481> for<00:08:30.705> us.

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Um,<00:08:31.348> they<00:08:31.588> use<00:08:31.910> AI<00:08:32.632> and,<00:08:33.130> and<00:08:33.772> we,<00:08:33.932> they,<00:08:34.510> it<00:08:34.719> needs<00:08:34.879> to<00:08:34.975> be<00:08:35.120> used<00:08:35.312> in<00:08:35.392> the<00:08:35.521> right<00:08:35.761> way<00:08:36.018> because<00:08:36.644> if<00:08:36.804> you<00:08:36.900> have<00:08:37.141> AI<00:08:37.526> doing<00:08:37.847> all<00:08:37.943> your<00:08:38.103> writing,<00:08:38.970> it's<00:08:39.226> not<00:08:39.467> going<00:08:39.627> to<00:08:39.692> be<00:08:39.788> creative<00:08:40.205> or<00:08:40.269> different<00:08:40.670> than<00:08:40.911> everybody<00:08:41.392> is<00:08:41.536> coming<00:08:41.938> up<00:08:42.098> with<00:08:42.178> the<00:08:42.419> exact<00:08:43.141> same<00:08:44.183> formula<00:08:44.681> based<00:08:44.986> on<00:08:45.066> the<00:08:45.226> exact<00:08:45.595> same<00:08:45.868> algorithms.

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Um,<00:08:47.472> and,<00:08:48.114> and<00:08:48.387> I<00:08:48.595> think<00:08:48.916> that<00:08:49.076> for<00:08:49.237> writers<00:08:49.814> that<00:08:50.055> produces<00:08:50.536> an<00:08:50.681> opportunity<00:08:51.659> to,<00:08:52.365> uh,<00:08:52.702> to<00:08:52.846> show<00:08:53.360> that<00:08:53.664> you<00:08:53.809> can<00:08:53.985> do<00:08:54.146> something<00:08:54.627> that<00:08:54.932> AI<00:08:55.188> can't,<00:08:55.654> which<00:08:55.910> is<00:08:56.071> the<00:08:56.151> case.

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And<00:08:56.889> it's<00:08:57.098> never,<00:08:57.900> AI's<00:08:58.156> not<00:08:58.317> human<00:08:58.958> and<00:08:59.103> I<00:08:59.199> don't<00:08:59.343> know<00:08:59.504> why<00:08:59.664> we<00:08:59.905> keep<00:09:00.130> Yeah,<00:09:00.786> having<00:09:01.107> this<00:09:01.363> God<00:09:01.668> complex<00:09:02.164> that<00:09:02.309> makes<00:09:02.501> us<00:09:02.645> want<00:09:02.869> to<00:09:02.965> invent<00:09:03.254> ourselves.

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But,<00:09:05.353> uh,<00:09:06.154> there's—<00:09:06.394> there<00:09:06.571> are<00:09:06.731> other<00:09:06.971> exciting<00:09:07.436> opportunities.

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I<00:09:08.493> think<00:09:08.878> one<00:09:08.990> of<00:09:09.134> the<00:09:09.455> best<00:09:10.416> in<00:09:10.496> terms<00:09:10.801> of<00:09:11.121> our<00:09:11.361> use<00:09:11.602> case,<00:09:12.082> one<00:09:12.178> of<00:09:12.323> the<00:09:12.563> best,<00:09:13.284> um,<00:09:14.005> there's—<00:09:14.486> there's<00:09:14.902> two<00:09:15.127> ways<00:09:15.303> we're<00:09:15.447> looking<00:09:15.767> at—<00:09:16.088> at<00:09:16.408> AI<00:09:16.665> and<00:09:16.809> how<00:09:17.001> it<00:09:17.129> can<00:09:17.466> improve<00:09:17.850> the<00:09:17.947> lives<00:09:18.668> of<00:09:18.812> people<00:09:19.132> in<00:09:19.308> some<00:09:19.549> of<00:09:19.773> the<00:09:20.430> least<00:09:20.670> developed<00:09:21.071> countries<00:09:21.472> in<00:09:21.536> the<00:09:21.696> world.

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One<00:09:22.353> of<00:09:22.497> these<00:09:23.138> is<00:09:23.234> around<00:09:23.699> AI<00:09:24.179> and<00:09:24.356> biometrics,<00:09:25.541> uh,<00:09:26.038> and<00:09:26.839> what<00:09:26.951> do<00:09:26.999> you<00:09:27.143> do<00:09:27.240> with<00:09:27.384> a<00:09:27.464> population<00:09:28.185> that's<00:09:28.682> that<00:09:30.108> is<00:09:30.765> not<00:09:31.005> connected,<00:09:31.566> never<00:09:31.806> been<00:09:31.950> connected,<00:09:32.335> and<00:09:32.383> you<00:09:32.511> kind<00:09:32.687> of<00:09:32.751> want<00:09:32.847> to<00:09:32.928> preserve<00:09:33.408> that.

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But<00:09:34.834> they<00:09:34.994> also<00:09:35.235> need<00:09:35.395> to<00:09:35.475> be<00:09:35.635> registered<00:09:36.613> in<00:09:36.757> some<00:09:37.013> way,<00:09:37.109> shape,<00:09:37.638> or<00:09:38.599> form<00:09:38.840> for<00:09:38.968> the<00:09:39.032> national<00:09:39.481> ID<00:09:39.817> system.

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And<00:09:40.779> so<00:09:40.939> we're<00:09:41.163> looking<00:09:41.500> at<00:09:41.644> ways<00:09:41.900> to<00:09:42.044> service<00:09:42.605> those<00:09:42.845> requirements.

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What<00:09:44.207> do<00:09:44.287> you<00:09:44.464> do<00:09:45.409> when<00:09:45.778> someone's<00:09:46.851> roughly<00:09:47.187> 45<00:09:47.748> years<00:09:47.973> old<00:09:48.037> and<00:09:48.309> they<00:09:48.389> don't<00:09:48.694> know<00:09:48.870> what<00:09:48.966> their<00:09:49.190> birth<00:09:49.511> date<00:09:49.815> is<00:09:50.296> and<00:09:50.937> they're<00:09:51.097> in<00:09:51.177> a<00:09:51.257> culture<00:09:51.818> that<00:09:52.315> doesn't<00:09:52.619> really<00:09:52.875> engage<00:09:53.436> that<00:09:53.741> way,<00:09:54.782> and<00:09:54.942> yet<00:09:55.199> they<00:09:55.503> have<00:09:55.840> government<00:09:56.160> privileges<00:09:56.881> that<00:09:57.470> that<00:09:58.454> they're<00:09:58.550> not<00:09:58.857> a<00:09:58.873> part<00:09:59.293> of.

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They<00:09:59.696> don't<00:09:59.841> have<00:10:00.002> access<00:10:00.406> to.

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They<00:10:00.664> don't<00:10:00.874> have<00:10:01.035> access<00:10:02.100> and<00:10:02.729> the<00:10:02.842> ability<00:10:03.374> to<00:10:03.536> vote,<00:10:03.874> the<00:10:04.020> ability<00:10:04.923> to<00:10:05.084> do<00:10:05.246> a<00:10:05.310> lot<00:10:05.552> of<00:10:05.633> things<00:10:06.456> that<00:10:07.085> are<00:10:07.150> their<00:10:07.343> rights<00:10:07.601> and<00:10:07.730> privileges<00:10:08.392> and<00:10:08.537> they're<00:10:08.634> just<00:10:08.876> not<00:10:09.053> engaged.

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That's<00:10:09.844> a<00:10:10.005> fascinating<00:10:10.570> challenge<00:10:10.973> actually.

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So<00:10:11.700> that's<00:10:12.006> one.

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Another<00:10:13.297> one<00:10:13.862> is<00:10:15.741> the<00:10:16.227> communications.

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Language<00:10:18.255> is<00:10:18.352> a<00:10:18.417> construct<00:10:19.228> and<00:10:19.650> if<00:10:19.779> we<00:10:19.942> have<00:10:20.120> human<00:10:20.363> understanding,<00:10:21.661> there<00:10:21.758> are<00:10:21.807> a<00:10:21.904> lot<00:10:22.131> of<00:10:22.229> things<00:10:22.537> that<00:10:22.715> people<00:10:23.689> can<00:10:24.095> do<00:10:24.339> that<00:10:24.501> they<00:10:24.664> wouldn't<00:10:25.053> otherwise<00:10:25.557> be<00:10:25.703> able<00:10:25.963> to<00:10:26.028> do.

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There<00:10:26.255> are<00:10:26.320> jobs<00:10:26.531> they<00:10:26.629> can<00:10:26.742> perform<00:10:27.035> and<00:10:27.181> I<00:10:29.150> I<00:10:29.182> think<00:10:29.566> AI-aided<00:10:31.089> communication<00:10:32.067> across<00:10:32.868> international<00:10:33.590> boundaries,<00:10:34.311> across<00:10:34.856> international—<00:10:35.850> so<00:10:36.058> you<00:10:36.155> may<00:10:36.379> have<00:10:36.796> a<00:10:36.876> budding<00:10:37.261> engineer<00:10:38.463> that<00:10:39.104> just<00:10:39.377> isn't<00:10:39.601> great<00:10:39.826> and<00:10:39.922> they're<00:10:40.082> judged<00:10:40.627> on<00:10:40.723> their<00:10:40.964> English,<00:10:41.605> not<00:10:42.166> on<00:10:42.326> their<00:10:42.967> engineering<00:10:43.384> skills.

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So<00:10:44.891> with<00:10:45.196> AI<00:10:45.516> helping<00:10:45.853> that<00:10:46.013> along,<00:10:46.975> they<00:10:47.199> can<00:10:47.376> write<00:10:47.616> their<00:10:47.793> emails<00:10:48.257> in<00:10:48.402> ways<00:10:48.883> that<00:10:49.460> the<00:10:50.582> idea<00:10:50.967> will<00:10:51.047> get<00:10:51.159> across.

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And<00:10:51.928> we<00:10:52.008> have<00:10:52.185> engineers<00:10:52.586> like<00:10:52.746> that<00:10:53.131> here<00:10:54.092> in<00:10:54.173> Utah,<00:10:54.990> right?

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And<00:10:56.673> maybe<00:10:56.994> they<00:10:57.090> need<00:10:57.314> a<00:10:57.331> little<00:10:57.491> bit<00:10:57.635> of<00:10:57.699> help,<00:10:58.260> but<00:10:58.356> I<00:10:58.517> think<00:10:58.901> crossing<00:10:59.382> cultural<00:11:00.040> and<00:11:01.643> And<00:11:01.787> I<00:11:01.884> think<00:11:02.349> AI<00:11:02.413> is<00:11:02.541> going<00:11:02.702> to<00:11:02.750> do<00:11:02.846> a<00:11:02.990> lot<00:11:03.231> for<00:11:03.343> that<00:11:03.552> remote<00:11:03.889> work<00:11:04.434> opportunity.

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There's<00:11:06.295> another<00:11:06.535> conversation<00:11:07.097> around<00:11:07.338> jobs<00:11:07.819> and—.

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Yeah.

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You<00:11:08.685> know,<00:11:08.749> if<00:11:08.942> we<00:11:09.567> democratize<00:11:10.289> the<00:11:10.369> whole<00:11:10.626> world,<00:11:11.091> where<00:11:11.251> do<00:11:11.412> all<00:11:11.508> the<00:11:11.652> jobs<00:11:12.070> go?

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But—.

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Usually<00:11:13.674> these<00:11:13.898> groundbreaking<00:11:14.460> technologies,<00:11:15.117> though,<00:11:15.903> create<00:11:16.144> more<00:11:16.401> jobs<00:11:16.962> than<00:11:17.203> they<00:11:18.229> devastate,<00:11:18.807> like<00:11:19.063> more<00:11:19.512> jobs<00:11:19.833> than<00:11:19.994> they<00:11:20.106> destroy,<00:11:21.453> right?

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That's<00:11:22.801> typically<00:11:23.298> been<00:11:23.459> the<00:11:23.539> case<00:11:23.860> with<00:11:24.020> like<00:11:24.180> kind<00:11:24.405> of<00:11:24.581> big<00:11:25.223> industrial<00:11:26.346> revolution<00:11:26.988> type<00:11:27.228> things.

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But<00:11:27.774> it<00:11:27.854> is<00:11:27.950> scary.

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And<00:11:28.896> who<00:11:28.992> knows<00:11:29.249> if<00:11:29.377> that<00:11:29.794> trend<00:11:30.018> will<00:11:30.114> continue.

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Yeah,<00:11:31.798> I<00:11:31.814> mean,<00:11:32.359> it's,<00:11:32.904> it's,<00:11:33.305> uh,<00:11:33.561> I<00:11:33.577> mean,<00:11:33.786> you,<00:11:33.946> you<00:11:34.106> can,<00:11:34.763> you<00:11:34.908> can<00:11:35.004> talk<00:11:35.308> from<00:11:35.405> a<00:11:35.485> place<00:11:35.789> of<00:11:35.886> fear.

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Yeah.

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About<00:11:37.168> the<00:11:37.312> jobs<00:11:37.649> we're<00:11:37.745> going<00:11:37.841> to<00:11:37.970> lose,<00:11:38.531> or<00:11:38.611> you<00:11:38.755> can<00:11:38.915> realize<00:11:39.396> that<00:11:39.573> most<00:11:39.829> of<00:11:39.893> the<00:11:39.973> jobs<00:11:40.358> we<00:11:40.518> had<00:11:40.791> or<00:11:41.015> have<00:11:41.400> now<00:11:42.057> are<00:11:42.137> invented<00:11:42.618> anyway.

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Right.

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So<00:11:43.917> exactly.

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So<00:11:44.863> we<00:11:45.023> evolve,<00:11:45.424> we<00:11:45.584> adapt,<00:11:46.145> we,<00:11:47.492> jobs<00:11:47.812> will<00:11:47.909> be<00:11:48.069> created.

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There's<00:11:48.790> a<00:11:48.854> lot<00:11:49.047> of<00:11:49.175> jobs<00:11:49.528> around<00:11:49.896> AI<00:11:50.153> development<00:11:50.874> that<00:11:51.179> didn't<00:11:51.499> exist.

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So,<00:11:52.862> um,<00:11:53.102> we'll<00:11:53.263> get<00:11:53.439> there<00:11:53.984> and,<00:11:54.401> and<00:11:54.690> We'll<00:11:54.963> continue<00:11:55.380> to<00:11:55.509> find<00:11:55.846> ways<00:11:57.035> to<00:11:57.115> live<00:11:57.308> our<00:11:57.517> lives<00:11:58.497> and<00:11:58.963> adapt<00:11:59.380> to<00:11:59.525> what<00:11:59.702> it<00:11:59.846> is.

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There's<00:12:00.408> a<00:12:00.425> lot<00:12:01.051> to<00:12:01.147> be<00:12:01.308> done<00:12:02.754> around<00:12:03.798> AI<00:12:04.039> policy<00:12:04.762> and<00:12:04.907> regulation<00:12:05.806> and<00:12:06.288> things<00:12:06.850> like<00:12:07.091> that.

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And<00:12:07.814> one<00:12:07.959> of<00:12:07.991> the<00:12:08.136> things,<00:12:08.698> at<00:12:08.810> least<00:12:09.003> from<00:12:09.180> a<00:12:09.244> developing<00:12:10.288> country<00:12:10.545> standpoint,<00:12:11.429> that<00:12:11.830> a<00:12:11.895> point<00:12:12.136> that<00:12:12.216> I<00:12:12.377> want<00:12:12.521> to<00:12:12.618> get<00:12:12.730> across<00:12:13.421> is<00:12:13.983> that<00:12:14.320> it's<00:12:14.658> important<00:12:15.091> to<00:12:15.140> ensure<00:12:15.606> that<00:12:16.232> their<00:12:16.650> worldview,<00:12:18.112> if<00:12:18.497> our<00:12:19.140> future<00:12:19.525> is<00:12:19.686> guided<00:12:20.104> in<00:12:20.248> some<00:12:20.505> way,<00:12:20.666> shape,<00:12:20.907> or<00:12:20.987> form<00:12:21.292> by<00:12:21.549> AI,<00:12:22.576> that<00:12:23.554> those<00:12:24.099> algorithms<00:12:24.901> and<00:12:24.981> those<00:12:25.158> parameters<00:12:26.119> are<00:12:26.280> representative<00:12:27.161> of<00:12:27.386> more<00:12:27.658> than,<00:12:28.203> you<00:12:28.284> know,<00:12:28.444> a—.

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Yeah.

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You<00:12:30.127> know,<00:12:30.432> yeah,<00:12:30.849> there<00:12:31.105> are<00:12:31.249> cultures<00:12:31.730> around<00:12:31.955> the<00:12:32.035> world<00:12:32.211> that<00:12:32.307> are<00:12:32.372> going<00:12:32.532> to<00:12:32.612> be<00:12:32.772> impacted<00:12:34.135> by<00:12:34.295> this.

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And<00:12:35.514> it's<00:12:35.979> important<00:12:36.363> to<00:12:36.460> consider<00:12:36.940> those<00:12:37.181> cultural<00:12:37.566> values<00:12:38.624> in<00:12:38.864> terms<00:12:39.121> of<00:12:39.265> how<00:12:39.586> we<00:12:39.746> build<00:12:39.986> that<00:12:40.211> in.

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And<00:12:40.948> beyond<00:12:41.349> that,<00:12:41.590> I<00:12:41.670> mean,<00:12:42.151> it's—<00:12:43.032> I<00:12:43.096> have<00:12:43.417> a<00:12:43.593> close<00:12:43.898> friend<00:12:44.139> that's<00:12:44.315> very<00:12:44.539> involved<00:12:44.892> in<00:12:45.020> the<00:12:45.181> AI,<00:12:45.678> women<00:12:46.399> in<00:12:46.543> AI.

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And<00:12:47.922> she<00:12:48.019> has<00:12:48.243> thoughts<00:12:48.565> on<00:12:48.725> this,<00:12:50.075> you<00:12:50.107> know,<00:12:50.155> when<00:12:50.958> the<00:12:51.054> developers<00:12:51.536> of<00:12:51.617> AI<00:12:51.858> are<00:12:52.018> predominantly<00:12:52.645> male.

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Yeah.

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And<00:12:54.010> will<00:12:54.829> develop<00:12:55.793> whether,<00:12:56.435> whether<00:12:56.660> they<00:12:56.757> intend<00:12:57.383> to<00:12:57.479> do<00:12:57.576> it<00:12:57.656> or<00:12:57.720> not<00:12:58.025> from<00:12:58.363> that<00:12:58.909> worldview<00:12:59.487> and<00:12:59.567> that<00:12:59.728> mindset.

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So<00:13:01.479> it's—.

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Yeah,<00:13:01.656> that's<00:13:01.896> an<00:13:01.993> interesting<00:13:02.443> challenge.

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It's<00:13:03.904> significant<00:13:04.386> when<00:13:04.483> it<00:13:04.611> comes<00:13:04.788> to<00:13:04.932> culture.

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There's<00:13:06.538> an<00:13:06.619> organization<00:13:07.277> called<00:13:07.454> the<00:13:07.534> International<00:13:08.064> Telecommunication<00:13:08.948> Union<00:13:09.446> that<00:13:09.847> most<00:13:10.088> people<00:13:10.410> don't<00:13:10.956> know<00:13:11.197> about,<00:13:11.759> you<00:13:11.855> know,<00:13:11.935> just<00:13:12.963> and<00:13:13.220> wouldn't<00:13:13.461> have<00:13:13.638> a<00:13:13.702> reason<00:13:14.088> to.

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But<00:13:14.441> it's,<00:13:14.891> it's<00:13:15.068> the<00:13:15.148> place<00:13:15.630> where<00:13:16.193> the<00:13:16.338> world<00:13:16.532> has<00:13:16.693> agreed,<00:13:17.080> we<00:13:17.226> come<00:13:17.484> together<00:13:17.984> and<00:13:18.210> talk<00:13:18.549> about<00:13:19.340> standards.

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And<00:13:21.035> they've<00:13:21.197> started<00:13:24.022> an<00:13:24.571> annual<00:13:24.829> event<00:13:25.136> called<00:13:25.459> AI<00:13:25.717> for<00:13:25.879> Good.

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So<00:13:26.767> it's<00:13:27.251> intended<00:13:28.204> to<00:13:29.109> bring<00:13:30.078> countries<00:13:31.612> and<00:13:31.774> companies<00:13:32.355> together<00:13:32.824> around<00:13:33.227> this<00:13:33.454> conversation.

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And<00:13:35.380> AI<00:13:36.758> is<00:13:36.920> one<00:13:37.082> of<00:13:37.164> the<00:13:37.245> new<00:13:37.423> conversations<00:13:38.299> that<00:13:38.785> they're<00:13:39.434> building<00:13:40.244> this<00:13:40.423> conversation<00:13:40.990> around.

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ITU<00:13:43.586> is<00:13:43.682> a<00:13:43.698> sister<00:13:44.019> organization<00:13:44.628> of<00:13:44.708> the<00:13:44.740> United<00:13:45.044> Nations,<00:13:45.749> so<00:13:47.143> it's<00:13:47.848> based<00:13:48.153> in<00:13:48.233> Geneva,<00:13:49.050> but<00:13:49.371> a<00:13:49.691> lot<00:13:49.851> of<00:13:49.932> important<00:13:50.316> things<00:13:50.957> happen<00:13:51.294> there,<00:13:51.838> and<00:13:52.095> there's<00:13:52.271> a<00:13:52.319> lot<00:13:52.415> of<00:13:52.479> good<00:13:52.656> people<00:13:53.040> that<00:13:53.136> are<00:13:53.841> trying<00:13:54.322> to<00:13:54.434> ensure<00:13:55.043> that<00:13:55.299> the<00:13:55.380> policies<00:13:56.325> are<00:13:57.767> moved<00:13:57.943> forward<00:13:58.200> in<00:13:58.344> a<00:13:58.424> way<00:13:58.664> that<00:13:58.889> benefits<00:13:59.241> humanity.

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So<00:14:00.812> if<00:14:01.212> you<00:14:01.292> haven't<00:14:01.533> heard<00:14:01.629> of<00:14:01.709> ITU,<00:14:02.366> suggest<00:14:02.751> you<00:14:02.783> look<00:14:02.975> into<00:14:03.311> it.

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That's<00:14:03.776> cool.

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Speaking<00:14:04.673> of<00:14:04.753> benefit,<00:14:05.859> you're<00:14:05.955> a<00:14:06.035> benefit<00:14:06.420> corporation,<00:14:07.061> right?

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Yeah,<00:14:07.734> we<00:14:07.942> are.

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We<00:14:08.663> are<00:14:09.400> B<00:14:09.545> Corp.

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There's<00:14:11.244> companies<00:14:11.710> out<00:14:11.886> there<00:14:12.351> and<00:14:12.512> you'll<00:14:12.913> see<00:14:13.089> the<00:14:13.234> B<00:14:13.394> Corp<00:14:13.811> symbol<00:14:15.031> specifically<00:14:15.721> out<00:14:15.817> of<00:14:15.897> Singapore.

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We're<00:14:17.325> a<00:14:17.357> Singapore<00:14:17.903> B<00:14:18.063> Corp<00:14:18.609> and<00:14:19.732> around<00:14:21.513> this<00:14:21.737> idea<00:14:22.395> that<00:14:23.117> profit<00:14:23.582> isn't<00:14:23.919> the<00:14:24.625> end-all<00:14:25.347> of<00:14:26.406> doing<00:14:26.647> business.

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And<00:14:27.513> a<00:14:27.545> lot<00:14:27.705> of<00:14:27.786> companies<00:14:28.235> talk<00:14:28.588> about<00:14:30.256> being<00:14:30.497> socially<00:14:30.978> minded,<00:14:31.781> but<00:14:32.326> a<00:14:32.422> B<00:14:32.583> Corp<00:14:33.048> actually<00:14:33.369> enshrines<00:14:34.011> that<00:14:34.187> in<00:14:34.267> the<00:14:34.364> laws<00:14:34.765> of<00:14:34.909> your<00:14:35.374> country.

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Business<00:14:36.594> entity,<00:14:36.979> right?

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And<00:14:38.102> you—<00:14:38.679> there's<00:14:39.225> a—<00:14:39.321> it<00:14:39.401> was<00:14:39.546> a<00:14:39.787> year-long<00:14:40.428> process<00:14:41.471> of<00:14:41.792> being<00:14:41.985> evaluated<00:14:42.755> and<00:14:42.915> audited,<00:14:43.653> and,<00:14:44.215> and,<00:14:44.840> um,<00:14:45.418> and<00:14:45.819> you<00:14:45.963> have<00:14:46.140> the<00:14:46.220> opportunity<00:14:46.653> to<00:14:46.701> talk<00:14:47.086> about<00:14:47.343> what<00:14:47.568> you're,<00:14:47.905> what<00:14:48.049> you're<00:14:48.226> doing.

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And<00:14:48.867> for<00:14:49.012> you,<00:14:49.333> and<00:14:49.397> there's<00:14:49.750> a<00:14:49.830> bunch<00:14:50.071> of<00:14:50.151> different<00:14:50.456> categories<00:14:51.178> in<00:14:51.274> order<00:14:51.499> to<00:14:51.595> qualify,<00:14:52.092> and<00:14:52.397> we,<00:14:52.638> we<00:14:52.718> did<00:14:52.878> quite<00:14:53.263> well,<00:14:53.664> um,<00:14:54.402> in<00:14:54.547> that.

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Yeah.

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What<00:14:55.846> are<00:14:55.911> the—<00:14:55.991> like,<00:14:56.167> the—<00:14:56.328> what's<00:14:56.552> the<00:14:56.713> governance<00:14:57.146> structure?

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I'm<00:14:57.772> sure<00:14:57.932> people<00:14:58.237> are<00:14:58.397> wondering,<00:14:58.799> like,<00:14:58.943> because<00:14:59.135> it's<00:14:59.296> not<00:14:59.472> a—<00:14:59.761> it's<00:14:59.922> not<00:15:00.082> a<00:15:00.419> nonprofit.

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But<00:15:01.478> it's<00:15:01.622> also<00:15:01.799> not<00:15:02.023> like<00:15:02.200> your<00:15:02.328> standard<00:15:02.809> corporation.

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And<00:15:03.643> so<00:15:04.590> is<00:15:04.750> it<00:15:04.814> like<00:15:05.135> in<00:15:05.311> the<00:15:06.274> documents<00:15:06.899> of<00:15:06.980> the<00:15:07.076> company<00:15:08.118> where<00:15:08.215> you're<00:15:08.359> like,<00:15:08.600> we<00:15:08.824> will<00:15:09.081> do<00:15:09.466> X<00:15:10.268> as<00:15:10.444> part<00:15:10.701> of<00:15:10.765> this,<00:15:11.006> so<00:15:11.230> you<00:15:11.326> kind<00:15:11.487> of<00:15:11.631> like<00:15:11.808> have<00:15:12.112> to<00:15:12.209> do<00:15:12.305> it?

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Is<00:15:12.914> that—<00:15:13.155> am<00:15:13.251> I<00:15:13.331> understanding<00:15:13.716> that<00:15:13.813> right?

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Yeah,<00:15:14.454> basically<00:15:14.935> it<00:15:15.080> is<00:15:15.176> a<00:15:15.256> for-profit<00:15:15.882> company,<00:15:16.684> um,<00:15:16.860> but<00:15:17.021> it's<00:15:17.165> a<00:15:17.197> social<00:15:17.646> enterprise.

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And<00:15:18.208> this<00:15:18.368> concept<00:15:18.849> has<00:15:19.010> been<00:15:19.106> around<00:15:19.491> roughly<00:15:19.828> since<00:15:20.229> the<00:15:20.630> early<00:15:20.870> '70s<00:15:21.672> around<00:15:21.849> social<00:15:22.538> enterprise,<00:15:23.020> but<00:15:23.196> B<00:15:23.357> Corp<00:15:23.982> and<00:15:24.159> B<00:15:24.383> Lab<00:15:24.945> has,<00:15:25.747> um,<00:15:26.629> tried<00:15:27.206> to<00:15:28.008> build<00:15:28.249> this<00:15:28.570> in<00:15:28.826> so<00:15:29.131> that<00:15:29.772> even<00:15:30.013> by<00:15:30.173> going<00:15:30.414> through<00:15:30.574> the<00:15:30.718> process,<00:15:31.840> business<00:15:32.241> owners<00:15:32.578> can<00:15:32.738> recognize<00:15:34.245> what<00:15:34.565> those<00:15:35.383> values<00:15:36.008> are.

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And<00:15:36.890> then<00:15:37.050> you<00:15:37.290> build<00:15:37.547> those<00:15:37.868> into<00:15:38.092> your<00:15:38.252> structures<00:15:38.974> and<00:15:39.070> you<00:15:39.294> build<00:15:39.551> those<00:15:39.791> into<00:15:40.416> your<00:15:42.180> articles<00:15:42.516> of<00:15:42.612> incorporation,<00:15:43.462> really.

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Yeah.

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If<00:15:44.504> your<00:15:44.680> company<00:15:45.001> grows<00:15:45.786> and<00:15:46.043> you<00:15:46.187> sell<00:15:46.508> it,<00:15:47.085> those<00:15:47.261> are<00:15:47.325> baked<00:15:47.710> in.

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If<00:15:48.704> there's<00:15:49.393> a<00:15:49.409> new<00:15:49.650> board,<00:15:49.970> if<00:15:50.115> they<00:15:50.275> bring<00:15:50.515> on<00:15:50.612> a<00:15:50.628> new<00:15:50.788> CEO,<00:15:52.295> you<00:15:52.439> still<00:15:52.920> have<00:15:53.321> these<00:15:53.737> governing<00:15:54.138> principles<00:15:55.004> around<00:15:56.158> social<00:15:56.463> welfare<00:15:57.024> and<00:15:57.104> around<00:15:57.889> what<00:15:58.049> you're<00:15:58.130> trying<00:15:58.386> to<00:15:58.482> do<00:15:58.627> in<00:15:58.707> terms<00:15:58.963> of<00:15:59.091> sustainability<00:15:59.829> and<00:15:59.973> the<00:16:00.230> environment.

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And<00:16:02.394> all<00:16:02.538> of<00:16:02.619> those<00:16:02.795> kinds<00:16:04.222> of<00:16:04.383> guiding<00:16:04.639> principles.

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Tell<00:16:05.281> me<00:16:05.345> about<00:16:05.537> Singapore.

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Why<00:16:06.483> is<00:16:06.708> it<00:16:06.900> such<00:16:07.285> an<00:16:07.526> incredible<00:16:08.087> place<00:16:08.568> for<00:16:08.792> companies<00:16:09.370> and<00:16:09.530> businesses?

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It's<00:16:10.412> becoming<00:16:10.893> like,<00:16:11.358> you<00:16:11.454> know,<00:16:12.497> like<00:16:12.673> a<00:16:12.705> New<00:16:12.962> York<00:16:13.299> or<00:16:13.443> a<00:16:13.539> London<00:16:14.004> in<00:16:14.100> terms<00:16:14.357> of<00:16:14.485> like<00:16:14.726> its<00:16:14.918> ability,<00:16:15.367> like<00:16:15.544> on<00:16:15.624> the<00:16:15.704> finance<00:16:16.105> side,<00:16:16.586> on<00:16:16.666> business<00:16:16.987> side.

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It's<00:16:17.949> pretty<00:16:18.109> incredible.

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Why<00:16:19.152> is<00:16:19.296> that?

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Yeah,<00:16:20.194> there's<00:16:20.370> a<00:16:20.451> bunch<00:16:20.691> of<00:16:20.836> reasons,<00:16:21.156> but<00:16:21.301> it<00:16:21.333> was<00:16:21.942> very<00:16:22.102> intentional.

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Singapore<00:16:24.444> is<00:16:24.604> a<00:16:24.668> phenomenal<00:16:25.165> project,<00:16:26.528> very<00:16:26.849> much<00:16:27.170> around<00:16:28.036> building,<00:16:28.613> becoming<00:16:29.255> kind<00:16:29.512> of<00:16:29.640> this<00:16:30.282> financial<00:16:30.843> hub<00:16:31.036> of<00:16:31.244> Asia.

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There's<00:16:32.142> a<00:16:32.223> lot<00:16:32.560> of<00:16:32.704> innovation,<00:16:33.971> uh,<00:16:34.228> there's<00:16:34.469> a<00:16:34.549> lot<00:16:34.934> of,<00:16:35.335> uh,<00:16:35.672> there's<00:16:35.800> a<00:16:35.832> lot<00:16:36.009> of<00:16:36.073> cash<00:16:36.458> flow,<00:16:37.099> um,<00:16:37.982> and<00:16:38.623> a<00:16:38.864> lot<00:16:38.976> of<00:16:39.057> that<00:16:39.442> has<00:16:39.746> to<00:16:39.843> do<00:16:39.907> with<00:16:39.987> the<00:16:40.083> right—<00:16:40.388> with,<00:16:40.885> with<00:16:41.190> kind<00:16:41.383> of<00:16:41.832> China's<00:16:42.313> development<00:16:43.372> over<00:16:43.532> the<00:16:43.612> past<00:16:44.238> 30,<00:16:44.655> 40<00:16:45.040> years,<00:16:45.922> where<00:16:46.340> yes,<00:16:46.580> you<00:16:46.725> have,<00:16:47.366> um,<00:16:47.767> Shanghai<00:16:48.249> and<00:16:48.409> you<00:16:48.489> have<00:16:48.730> Hong<00:16:48.906> Kong,<00:16:49.773> but,<00:16:50.254> uh,<00:16:51.297> in<00:16:51.393> terms<00:16:51.794> of<00:16:51.938> also<00:16:52.179> Southeast<00:16:52.740> Asia<00:16:52.981> and<00:16:53.302> where<00:16:53.478> people<00:16:53.863> go<00:16:54.184> to<00:16:54.906> pull<00:16:55.645> Asia<00:16:55.885> together,<00:16:57.074> uh,<00:16:58.053> Singapore<00:16:58.454> is<00:16:58.535> a<00:16:58.599> very<00:16:58.775> comfortable<00:16:59.418> place<00:16:59.883> to<00:17:00.060> do<00:17:00.220> that.

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Yeah.

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Uh,<00:17:01.344> but<00:17:02.243> Singapore's<00:17:02.789> development<00:17:03.913> following<00:17:04.379> its<00:17:04.475> independence<00:17:04.940> from<00:17:05.101> Malaysia,<00:17:05.984> um,<00:17:06.385> has<00:17:06.562> been<00:17:06.723> very<00:17:07.670> intentional.

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Um,<00:17:08.970> and<00:17:09.115> they're<00:17:09.693> there,<00:17:09.934> and<00:17:10.078> there,<00:17:10.255> there's,<00:17:10.656> there's<00:17:10.833> a<00:17:11.057> good<00:17:11.282> reason<00:17:11.603> for<00:17:11.732> that<00:17:11.940> in<00:17:12.085> terms<00:17:12.278> of<00:17:12.342> their<00:17:12.583> policies,<00:17:13.610> um,<00:17:14.188> the<00:17:14.333> way<00:17:14.589> that<00:17:15.376> they<00:17:15.537> work<00:17:15.713> with<00:17:15.938> their—<00:17:16.821> and<00:17:16.917> look,<00:17:17.142> no<00:17:17.239> place<00:17:17.495> is<00:17:17.640> perfect.

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Yeah.

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But<00:17:19.310> they,<00:17:20.112> they<00:17:20.433> work<00:17:20.755> towards—<00:17:21.268> it's<00:17:21.573> a<00:17:21.589> very<00:17:21.894> technocratic<00:17:23.018> governance<00:17:23.580> model.

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And<00:17:25.008> so<00:17:25.505> they<00:17:25.730> work<00:17:25.906> towards<00:17:26.628> what<00:17:27.013> works,<00:17:27.430> what<00:17:28.072> for,<00:17:28.376> what<00:17:28.537> works<00:17:28.793> for<00:17:28.954> their<00:17:29.114> population<00:17:29.836> and<00:17:30.077> with<00:17:30.221> their<00:17:30.317> population.

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A<00:17:31.761> good<00:17:31.905> example<00:17:32.402> is,<00:17:32.867> uh,<00:17:33.268> is<00:17:33.589> corruption.

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It's<00:17:34.343> a,<00:17:34.552> it's<00:17:35.129> very,<00:17:35.530> very,<00:17:35.915> very,<00:17:36.637> um,<00:17:36.974> rare<00:17:37.920> that<00:17:38.080> you<00:17:38.176> will<00:17:38.577> find<00:17:39.059> cases<00:17:39.395> of<00:17:39.524> corruption<00:17:39.861> in<00:17:39.941> the<00:17:40.021> Singapore<00:17:40.422> government<00:17:41.304> because<00:17:41.785> their<00:17:41.946> government<00:17:42.267> employees<00:17:42.651> are<00:17:42.684> some<00:17:42.844> of<00:17:42.924> the<00:17:43.052> highest<00:17:43.550> paid<00:17:44.031> positions.

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And<00:17:45.699> so<00:17:45.875> you're<00:17:45.972> not<00:17:46.116> going<00:17:46.228> to<00:17:46.357> risk<00:17:46.677> that<00:17:46.918> by,<00:17:48.763> by<00:17:48.987> doing<00:17:49.180> something<00:17:49.564> untoward.

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That's<00:17:50.206> an<00:17:50.286> interesting<00:17:50.671> solution.

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So,<00:17:51.874> um,<00:17:52.773> So<00:17:53.254> people<00:17:54.218> want<00:17:54.683> those<00:17:55.004> government<00:17:55.326> roles,<00:17:55.984> and<00:17:56.851> you<00:17:56.947> get<00:17:57.092> your<00:17:57.188> best<00:17:57.445> and<00:17:57.509> brightest<00:17:58.135> to<00:17:58.216> fill<00:17:58.392> those<00:17:58.633> roles.

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We<00:17:59.580> have<00:17:59.757> very<00:18:00.062> good<00:18:00.223> relationships<00:18:00.945> with<00:18:01.025> the<00:18:01.186> IMDA,<00:18:02.390> who<00:18:02.583> sponsors<00:18:03.835> our<00:18:05.601> memberships<00:18:06.195> to<00:18:06.340> various<00:18:06.661> international<00:18:07.142> organizations<00:18:07.929> like<00:18:08.170> the<00:18:08.266> International<00:18:08.732> Telecommunication<00:18:09.776> Union<00:18:10.610> or<00:18:10.835> Asia-Pacific<00:18:11.718> Telecommunity<00:18:12.441> that<00:18:12.601> are<00:18:12.682> these<00:18:12.922> forums<00:18:13.484> around<00:18:13.870> technology<00:18:15.074> and<00:18:15.331> digital<00:18:16.150> transformation<00:18:17.402> and<00:18:17.498> a<00:18:17.579> lot<00:18:17.755> of<00:18:17.819> these<00:18:18.044> other<00:18:18.542> other<00:18:18.702> areas,<00:18:19.664> international<00:18:20.706> technology<00:18:21.203> standards.

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Satellite<00:18:22.854> is<00:18:23.287> a<00:18:23.351> big<00:18:23.495> one<00:18:23.655> right<00:18:23.832> now.

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Yeah.

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Um,<00:18:25.338> when<00:18:25.499> you<00:18:25.595> go<00:18:25.691> to<00:18:25.819> these<00:18:25.996> developing<00:18:26.461> countries,<00:18:27.102> how<00:18:27.182> do<00:18:27.262> you<00:18:27.519> identify<00:18:28.224> the<00:18:28.400> leaders<00:18:28.961> in<00:18:29.122> those<00:18:29.522> communities<00:18:30.244> and<00:18:30.388> how<00:18:30.484> do<00:18:30.548> you<00:18:30.661> support<00:18:31.206> them?

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How<00:18:31.783> do<00:18:31.927> you,<00:18:32.793> uh,<00:18:33.049> build<00:18:33.289> them<00:18:33.530> up,<00:18:33.834> give<00:18:34.011> them<00:18:34.171> the<00:18:34.315> resources<00:18:34.876> they<00:18:34.973> need?

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But<00:18:35.357> also,<00:18:35.694> like,<00:18:36.159> there<00:18:36.255> are<00:18:36.319> already<00:18:36.736> leaders<00:18:37.121> in<00:18:37.217> those<00:18:37.441> communities,<00:18:38.098> and<00:18:38.179> so,<00:18:38.579> um,<00:18:39.060> we<00:18:39.140> can<00:18:39.301> learn<00:18:39.461> from<00:18:39.621> them<00:18:39.862> as<00:18:40.006> well,<00:18:40.263> right?

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Like,<00:18:40.663> so<00:18:41.305> I<00:18:41.385> just<00:18:41.529> wonder,<00:18:41.705> like,<00:18:41.850> how<00:18:41.946> do<00:18:42.010> you<00:18:42.090> identify<00:18:42.587> leaders<00:18:42.988> in<00:18:43.052> those?

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So<00:18:43.853> I,<00:18:44.094> I<00:18:44.190> think<00:18:44.430> there's<00:18:44.815> a—<00:18:46.033> I<00:18:46.114> think<00:18:46.274> there's<00:18:46.434> a<00:18:46.514> bit<00:18:46.594> of<00:18:46.755> paradigm<00:18:47.316> shift<00:18:47.540> that<00:18:47.636> happens<00:18:48.037> when<00:18:48.197> you're,<00:18:48.598> when<00:18:48.759> you're<00:18:48.999> doing<00:18:49.304> more<00:18:49.560> than<00:18:49.784> just<00:18:50.041> kind<00:18:50.346> of<00:18:50.522> coming<00:18:50.923> in<00:18:51.788> and<00:18:52.109> touching<00:18:52.846> so-called<00:18:53.231> developing<00:18:53.712> countries<00:18:54.914> and<00:18:55.571> communities.

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I<00:18:56.694> think<00:18:56.998> those<00:18:57.255> who<00:18:57.415> come<00:18:57.720> from<00:18:58.361> a<00:18:59.339> developed<00:19:00.204> mindset<00:19:00.942> or,<00:19:02.529> you<00:19:02.609> know,<00:19:02.785> very<00:19:03.106> urban<00:19:03.362> environments<00:19:04.629> and<00:19:04.789> very<00:19:05.190> kind<00:19:05.494> of<00:19:05.671> technologically,<00:19:07.113> you<00:19:07.146> know,<00:19:07.434> a<00:19:07.514> lot<00:19:07.691> of<00:19:07.819> infrastructure,<00:19:08.941> and<00:19:09.262> you<00:19:09.438> go<00:19:09.662> to<00:19:09.759> these<00:19:10.079> very,<00:19:10.400> very<00:19:10.624> remote,<00:19:11.041> very<00:19:11.346> rural<00:19:12.804> communities,<00:19:14.471> your<00:19:15.610> instinct<00:19:16.235> is<00:19:16.411> to<00:19:16.507> see<00:19:16.732> poverty.

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And<00:19:18.175> it's<00:19:18.319> just<00:19:18.415> not<00:19:18.655> the<00:19:18.736> case.

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It's<00:19:20.483> just<00:19:21.204> a<00:19:22.022> it's<00:19:22.344> just<00:19:22.520> a<00:19:22.585> way<00:19:22.745> of<00:19:22.890> life.

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And<00:19:24.095> the<00:19:24.192> instinct<00:19:24.738> then<00:19:25.220> is<00:19:25.461> to<00:19:25.702> do<00:19:25.863> something<00:19:26.281> about<00:19:26.602> it.

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And<00:19:28.209> thinking,<00:19:28.755> oh,<00:19:28.996> but<00:19:29.398> when<00:19:29.494> you<00:19:29.655> experience<00:19:30.362> it,<00:19:30.603> and<00:19:30.683> you're<00:19:30.860> there,<00:19:31.423> again,<00:19:32.210> humans<00:19:32.933> are<00:19:32.965> very<00:19:33.270> adaptable.

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And<00:19:34.058> when<00:19:34.154> you<00:19:34.299> go<00:19:34.476> camping,<00:19:35.440> you're<00:19:35.600> in<00:19:35.665> a<00:19:35.681> very<00:19:35.922> similar<00:19:36.243> circumstance,<00:19:36.886> unless<00:19:37.191> you,<00:19:37.529> you<00:19:37.689> bought<00:19:38.075> like<00:19:38.493> everything<00:19:39.280> REI<00:19:39.762> has<00:19:39.939> to<00:19:40.003> offer<00:19:40.260> to<00:19:40.405> make<00:19:40.582> it<00:19:40.678> a<00:19:40.742> comfortable<00:19:41.144> thing.

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But,<00:19:41.851> but<00:19:42.012> you<00:19:42.124> adapt,<00:19:42.912> right?

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And<00:19:44.824> I<00:19:44.904> can<00:19:45.001> tell<00:19:45.226> you<00:19:45.868> that<00:19:45.981> in<00:19:46.125> terms<00:19:46.591> of,<00:19:47.315> of<00:19:47.732> sheer<00:19:48.052> happiness.

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There's—<00:19:51.018> they<00:19:51.178> have<00:19:51.403> challenges,<00:19:52.060> and<00:19:52.140> they<00:19:52.300> have<00:19:52.541> good<00:19:52.685> days,<00:19:52.926> and<00:19:53.006> they<00:19:53.070> have<00:19:53.262> bad<00:19:53.503> days,<00:19:53.807> just<00:19:54.048> like<00:19:54.224> we<00:19:54.448> are.

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And<00:19:54.865> so<00:19:56.613> there's,<00:19:57.013> there's<00:19:57.254> no<00:19:57.751> real<00:19:58.151> association<00:19:58.937> there.

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And<00:19:59.258> you<00:19:59.338> have<00:19:59.578> to<00:19:59.674> disconnect<00:20:00.299> from<00:20:00.540> that.

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And<00:20:01.774> no<00:20:02.383> kind<00:20:02.704> of<00:20:02.960> sociology<00:20:05.028> class<00:20:05.846> from<00:20:06.407> college<00:20:06.744> is<00:20:06.872> going<00:20:06.952> to<00:20:07.048> teach<00:20:07.273> you<00:20:07.433> how<00:20:07.529> to<00:20:07.753> do<00:20:07.914> that.

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That's<00:20:08.459> something<00:20:08.651> you<00:20:08.699> have<00:20:08.828> to<00:20:08.892> experience<00:20:09.356> for<00:20:09.421> yourself.

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So<00:20:10.110> when<00:20:10.254> you<00:20:10.414> go,<00:20:10.671> when<00:20:10.799> you<00:20:10.895> engage,<00:20:11.537> I<00:20:11.553> mean,<00:20:11.777> we,<00:20:12.178> we<00:20:12.322> have<00:20:12.482> the<00:20:12.563> benefit<00:20:12.899> of<00:20:13.043> having<00:20:13.765> a<00:20:14.423> an<00:20:14.600> MOU<00:20:15.067> with<00:20:15.228> the<00:20:15.309> government<00:20:15.647> of<00:20:15.712> Vanuatu<00:20:16.356> around<00:20:16.758> this<00:20:17.000> digital<00:20:17.322> transformation<00:20:18.288> project<00:20:18.916> that<00:20:19.013> we're<00:20:19.238> rolling<00:20:19.641> out.

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And<00:20:21.670> they<00:20:21.831> bring<00:20:22.217> us<00:20:23.184> to<00:20:23.538> the<00:20:24.007> communities.

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They're—<00:20:27.627> Dalcy<00:20:28.694> is<00:20:28.791> our<00:20:29.001> local<00:20:29.324> on-the-ground<00:20:30.536> contact.

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She's<00:20:31.344> the<00:20:31.441> former<00:20:31.748> head<00:20:31.862> of<00:20:31.991> the<00:20:32.072> regulator.

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She<00:20:34.353> knows<00:20:34.841> these<00:20:35.003> communities.

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But<00:20:35.881> even<00:20:36.076> when<00:20:36.206> you<00:20:36.303> go<00:20:36.466> from<00:20:36.645> the<00:20:36.791> urban<00:20:37.051> environment<00:20:37.522> of<00:20:37.603> Port<00:20:37.912> Vila,<00:20:38.237> which<00:20:38.351> is<00:20:38.481> the<00:20:38.562> capital<00:20:38.903> of<00:20:38.985> Vanuatu,<00:20:40.582> and<00:20:40.663> you<00:20:40.807> go<00:20:41.048> out<00:20:41.208> to<00:20:41.288> the<00:20:41.385> outlying<00:20:42.492> islands.

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There's<00:20:43.471> a<00:20:43.551> project<00:20:44.016> we're<00:20:44.177> working<00:20:44.498> on<00:20:45.059> in<00:20:45.958> an<00:20:46.102> island<00:20:46.343> called<00:20:46.584> Malakula<00:20:47.402> where<00:20:47.787> there's<00:20:47.948> just<00:20:48.108> no<00:20:48.285> connectivity<00:20:50.355> on<00:20:50.933> this<00:20:51.157> island.

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Vanuatu<00:20:52.537> has<00:20:54.046> numerous<00:20:55.506> islands,<00:20:56.372> big<00:20:56.549> and<00:20:56.661> small,<00:20:57.175> in<00:20:57.576> the<00:20:57.672> low<00:20:57.897> 80s.

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Yeah.

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So<00:20:59.341> you<00:20:59.437> can<00:20:59.518> imagine,<00:21:01.026> and<00:21:01.443> some<00:21:01.844> very,<00:21:02.165> very<00:21:02.486> interesting—<00:21:03.192> each<00:21:03.369> one<00:21:03.529> of<00:21:03.674> them<00:21:03.915> has<00:21:04.107> its<00:21:04.396> own<00:21:04.572> little<00:21:04.829> microculture.

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So<00:21:08.585> if<00:21:08.809> you<00:21:08.874> have<00:21:08.986> the<00:21:09.066> time<00:21:09.387> to<00:21:09.532> look<00:21:09.644> up<00:21:09.869> Vanuatu<00:21:10.672> and<00:21:10.896> things<00:21:11.073> like<00:21:11.234> Pentecost<00:21:11.860> Island<00:21:12.181> in<00:21:12.277> there,<00:21:13.000> bungee<00:21:13.305> jumping<00:21:13.963> basically<00:21:14.990> with<00:21:15.167> vines,<00:21:15.873> like<00:21:16.114> look<00:21:16.275> it<00:21:16.355> up.

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It's<00:21:17.158> really<00:21:17.350> cool.

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Or<00:21:18.924> Tanna<00:21:19.181> Island<00:21:19.742> and<00:21:20.224> the<00:21:20.304> cargo<00:21:20.706> cult.

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Really<00:21:22.151> interesting<00:21:22.648> stuff.

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So<00:21:24.479> it's<00:21:24.960> a<00:21:25.040> phenomenally<00:21:25.763> diverse<00:21:26.646> environment.

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But<00:21:28.171> again,<00:21:28.637> even<00:21:29.038> them,<00:21:29.937> when<00:21:30.178> they're<00:21:30.740> going<00:21:31.125> from<00:21:31.462> Port<00:21:31.767> Vila<00:21:32.104> to<00:21:32.602> these<00:21:32.971> remote<00:21:33.309> islands,<00:21:33.870> there's<00:21:34.673> a<00:21:34.818> difference<00:21:35.315> there.

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There's<00:21:36.038> even<00:21:36.664> after<00:21:36.921> they've<00:21:37.226> people<00:21:37.482> from<00:21:37.787> those<00:21:37.948> islands<00:21:38.204> who<00:21:38.349> come<00:21:38.589> to<00:21:38.686> the<00:21:38.766> urban<00:21:39.087> center,<00:21:39.648> their<00:21:39.873> mindset<00:21:40.290> changes<00:21:40.771> and<00:21:40.916> they<00:21:41.253> adapt<00:21:42.536> to<00:21:42.632> that<00:21:42.857> urban<00:21:43.098> environment.

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And<00:21:44.365> those<00:21:44.445> are<00:21:44.477> usually<00:21:44.814> the<00:21:44.926> ones<00:21:45.103> who<00:21:45.247> end<00:21:45.424> up<00:21:45.584> in<00:21:45.664> leadership<00:21:46.066> positions<00:21:46.563> and<00:21:46.691> in<00:21:46.787> government<00:21:47.349> and<00:21:47.509> in<00:21:48.312> running<00:21:48.632> businesses.

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But<00:21:50.622> they've<00:21:50.798> come<00:21:51.103> from<00:21:51.344> all<00:21:51.520> over.

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And<00:21:53.124> the<00:21:53.269> idea<00:21:53.766> is,<00:21:54.633> how<00:21:54.969> do<00:21:55.210> we<00:21:55.916> build<00:21:56.109> those<00:21:56.397> opportunities<00:21:56.895> without<00:21:57.296> them<00:21:57.681> having<00:21:58.884> to—<00:21:59.542> without<00:21:59.782> having<00:22:00.023> to<00:22:00.183> pull<00:22:00.504> them<00:22:00.745> out<00:22:01.306> of<00:22:01.403> the<00:22:01.547> islands<00:22:02.831> and<00:22:03.216> have<00:22:03.392> those<00:22:03.617> opportunities<00:22:04.419> in<00:22:04.660> the<00:22:04.756> city?

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How<00:22:05.494> do<00:22:05.574> we<00:22:05.654> keep<00:22:05.943> them<00:22:06.103> close<00:22:06.296> to<00:22:06.440> their<00:22:06.601> families?

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How<00:22:07.178> do<00:22:07.243> we<00:22:07.403> keep<00:22:07.708> them,<00:22:08.430> or<00:22:08.832> going<00:22:09.088> back<00:22:09.554> once<00:22:09.811> they've<00:22:10.934> built<00:22:11.159> up<00:22:11.255> the<00:22:11.383> skills,<00:22:11.817> if<00:22:12.122> they've<00:22:12.571> learned<00:22:12.924> some<00:22:13.743> telecommunications<00:22:14.802> or<00:22:14.882> some<00:22:15.508> kind<00:22:15.669> of<00:22:15.749> engineering<00:22:16.471> or<00:22:17.996> other<00:22:18.221> kinds<00:22:18.542> of<00:22:18.734> medical<00:22:19.697> skill<00:22:20.002> sets,<00:22:20.644> how<00:22:21.446> do<00:22:21.527> we<00:22:21.928> send<00:22:22.088> them<00:22:22.169> back<00:22:22.426> to<00:22:22.490> their<00:22:22.634> communities<00:22:23.533> and<00:22:23.677> sustain<00:22:24.159> them<00:22:24.335> and<00:22:24.480> give<00:22:24.640> them<00:22:24.817> an<00:22:24.881> environment<00:22:25.459> where<00:22:26.342> they<00:22:26.566> can<00:22:26.823> continue<00:22:27.529> to<00:22:28.252> have<00:22:28.428> a<00:22:28.492> career<00:22:29.375> but<00:22:29.632> be<00:22:29.776> close<00:22:30.033> to<00:22:30.177> family?

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Yeah,<00:22:30.964> it<00:22:30.996> seems<00:22:31.221> like<00:22:31.317> it's<00:22:31.429> not<00:22:31.622> like<00:22:31.798> you're<00:22:32.280> trying<00:22:32.521> to<00:22:32.585> change<00:22:32.922> cultures,<00:22:33.484> change<00:22:33.869> lifestyles,<00:22:34.768> change<00:22:36.292> anything<00:22:36.997> other<00:22:37.237> than<00:22:37.975> providing<00:22:38.439> access<00:22:38.856> to<00:22:38.920> opportunities,<00:22:39.641> which<00:22:39.817> is<00:22:39.898> a<00:22:40.362> big<00:22:40.539> deal.

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Yeah.

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I<00:22:41.276> mean,<00:22:41.564> there's—<00:22:42.398> so<00:22:43.503> we<00:22:43.599> talk<00:22:43.888> about<00:22:44.064> connecting<00:22:44.465> the<00:22:44.545> unconnected.

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A<00:22:46.228> little<00:22:46.468> under<00:22:46.692> half<00:22:47.029> the<00:22:47.189> world<00:22:47.510> is<00:22:47.542> still<00:22:47.990> unconnected.

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There<00:22:49.208> are<00:22:49.353> people<00:22:49.817> who<00:22:50.154> should<00:22:50.474> be,<00:22:51.195> honestly,<00:22:51.820> like<00:22:51.997> we<00:22:52.077> don't<00:22:52.253> need<00:22:52.413> to<00:22:52.478> connect<00:22:52.862> everyone.

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There's<00:22:53.423> not.

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And<00:22:55.266> so—<00:22:56.067> and<00:22:56.147> there's<00:22:56.308> been<00:22:56.468> a<00:22:56.548> lot<00:22:56.820> of<00:22:56.965> projects<00:22:57.830> over<00:22:57.942> the<00:22:58.070> past<00:22:58.647> 20,<00:22:58.968> 30<00:22:59.352> years,<00:22:59.993> and<00:23:00.186> some<00:23:00.426> of<00:23:00.570> them<00:23:00.731> have<00:23:00.891> been<00:23:01.003> successful.

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Many<00:23:02.718> have<00:23:02.894> not.

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And<00:23:04.496> we've<00:23:05.121> launched<00:23:05.362> a<00:23:05.442> project<00:23:05.859> called<00:23:06.804> the<00:23:06.980> Economic<00:23:07.942> MicroHub<00:23:09.546> that<00:23:09.706> is<00:23:09.930> built<00:23:10.187> around<00:23:11.149> a<00:23:11.245> multi-use<00:23:11.951> facility<00:23:13.073> that<00:23:13.234> brings<00:23:13.618> all<00:23:13.731> of<00:23:13.859> those<00:23:14.115> use<00:23:14.356> cases<00:23:14.773> around<00:23:15.062> connectivity,<00:23:15.863> not<00:23:16.040> just<00:23:16.264> connecting<00:23:16.825> a<00:23:16.841> community<00:23:17.403> and<00:23:17.547> then<00:23:17.803> leaving<00:23:18.108> them<00:23:18.301> to<00:23:19.086> fend<00:23:19.311> for<00:23:19.391> themselves<00:23:20.610> and<00:23:20.754> all<00:23:20.946> of<00:23:21.091> the<00:23:21.235> good<00:23:21.395> and<00:23:21.491> bad<00:23:21.716> that<00:23:21.828> the<00:23:21.973> internet<00:23:22.293> brings.

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And<00:23:23.432> there<00:23:23.576> are<00:23:23.640> a<00:23:23.736> lot<00:23:23.913> of<00:23:23.993> organizations<00:23:24.682> that<00:23:24.843> focus<00:23:25.484> on<00:23:26.607> the<00:23:27.168> digital<00:23:27.729> literacy<00:23:28.707> around<00:23:29.413> helping<00:23:30.311> child<00:23:30.615> online<00:23:30.872> protection,<00:23:31.433> helping<00:23:32.876> newly<00:23:33.117> connected<00:23:33.518> communities<00:23:34.399> understand<00:23:35.602> some<00:23:35.762> of<00:23:35.826> the<00:23:35.906> dangers<00:23:36.323> of<00:23:36.403> misinformation,<00:23:37.204> disinformation<00:23:38.727> around<00:23:39.047> the<00:23:39.192> world.

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People<00:23:40.089> get<00:23:40.249> online<00:23:40.826> and<00:23:40.954> the<00:23:41.034> first<00:23:41.355> thing<00:23:41.451> they<00:23:41.547> download<00:23:41.948> is<00:23:42.092> Facebook<00:23:42.589> and<00:23:42.653> they<00:23:42.813> think<00:23:42.973> that's<00:23:43.198> the<00:23:43.294> internet,<00:23:43.839> right?

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So<00:23:45.233> there's<00:23:45.698> pros<00:23:46.018> and<00:23:46.098> cons<00:23:46.499> to<00:23:46.595> that,<00:23:47.124> honestly,<00:23:47.525> with<00:23:47.701> a<00:23:48.085> newly<00:23:48.502> connected<00:23:48.983> community.

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And<00:23:51.611> it's<00:23:51.948> important<00:23:52.412> that<00:23:52.572> those<00:23:53.069> big<00:23:53.310> tech<00:23:53.566> companies<00:23:54.512> really<00:23:54.832> come<00:23:55.072> to<00:23:55.169> the<00:23:55.297> table<00:23:55.633> in<00:23:55.794> terms<00:23:56.114> of<00:23:56.274> taking<00:23:56.595> responsibility<00:23:57.797> for<00:23:58.838> not<00:23:58.999> only<00:23:59.159> the<00:23:59.239> pros,<00:23:59.640> but<00:23:59.784> also<00:24:00.040> the<00:24:00.184> cons.

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Working<00:24:01.322> with<00:24:01.482> this.

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A<00:24:01.867> lot<00:24:02.444> of<00:24:02.524> these<00:24:02.620> countries<00:24:02.989> don't<00:24:03.325> really<00:24:03.566> get<00:24:03.726> much<00:24:03.966> service<00:24:04.431> when<00:24:04.527> things<00:24:04.848> go<00:24:05.008> wrong<00:24:05.569> on<00:24:05.713> social<00:24:06.034> media.

00:24:06.306 --> 00:24:27.975
So<00:24:07.572> in<00:24:07.652> terms<00:24:07.908> of<00:24:07.973> social<00:24:08.357> responsibility,<00:24:09.319> those<00:24:09.479> are<00:24:09.575> things<00:24:09.896> where<00:24:10.296> companies<00:24:10.617> like<00:24:10.857> ours<00:24:11.033> are<00:24:11.130> trying<00:24:11.354> to<00:24:11.498> bridge<00:24:11.819> that<00:24:12.043> gap<00:24:12.379> from<00:24:12.604> both<00:24:14.046> a<00:24:14.302> planning<00:24:15.088> and<00:24:15.168> a<00:24:15.184> policy<00:24:15.681> standpoint<00:24:17.011> to<00:24:17.091> make<00:24:17.347> sure<00:24:17.748> people<00:24:18.405> are<00:24:18.533> protected<00:24:20.136> from<00:24:20.312> harmful<00:24:21.434> content<00:24:22.475> in<00:24:22.636> places<00:24:23.116> where<00:24:23.677> they<00:24:23.837> really<00:24:24.735> don't<00:24:24.959> have<00:24:25.296> much<00:24:25.600> to<00:24:25.760> stand<00:24:26.161> on<00:24:26.337> in<00:24:27.284> push<00:24:27.509> back<00:24:27.766> on<00:24:27.862> these.

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We<00:24:28.312> want<00:24:28.392> to<00:24:28.489> go<00:24:28.569> beyond<00:24:28.970> that.

00:24:29.292 --> 00:24:46.890
We,<00:24:29.532> we<00:24:29.677> want<00:24:29.821> to<00:24:29.934> look<00:24:30.239> at<00:24:31.138> what<00:24:31.379> benefits<00:24:31.941> does<00:24:32.101> connectivity<00:24:32.744> bring,<00:24:33.386> and<00:24:33.530> I<00:24:33.627> think<00:24:34.927> some<00:24:35.088> of<00:24:35.152> the<00:24:35.297> real<00:24:35.618> benefits<00:24:36.116> can<00:24:36.340> come<00:24:36.678> in<00:24:36.838> terms<00:24:37.384> of<00:24:38.187> online<00:24:38.604> access<00:24:38.925> to<00:24:39.006> online<00:24:39.391> education,<00:24:40.355> having<00:24:41.189> kind<00:24:41.430> of<00:24:42.121> a,<00:24:42.699> a<00:24:42.763> virtual<00:24:43.245> office<00:24:43.742> environment<00:24:44.850> where<00:24:45.027> they<00:24:45.188> can<00:24:45.412> go<00:24:45.750> and<00:24:46.215> connect.

00:24:47.018 --> 00:24:58.478
A<00:24:47.034> couple<00:24:47.339> of<00:24:47.419> the<00:24:47.516> big<00:24:47.692> issues<00:24:47.997> Vanuatu<00:24:49.218> is<00:24:49.362> facing<00:24:49.667> that<00:24:49.748> we're<00:24:49.844> trying<00:24:50.165> to<00:24:50.261> resolve<00:24:50.872> is<00:24:51.353> if<00:24:51.514> you<00:24:51.610> want<00:24:52.156> for<00:24:52.252> instance,<00:24:52.653> an<00:24:52.798> ID<00:24:53.857> in<00:24:53.937> Vanuatu,<00:24:55.205> you<00:24:55.397> have<00:24:55.702> to<00:24:55.846> go<00:24:55.943> to<00:24:56.087> Port<00:24:56.264> Vila<00:24:56.905> and<00:24:57.226> travel<00:24:57.788> is<00:24:57.948> expensive.

00:24:58.750 --> 00:25:01.157
And<00:24:58.975> right<00:24:59.232> now<00:24:59.697> there's<00:24:59.874> some<00:25:00.034> issues<00:25:00.339> with<00:25:00.419> the<00:25:00.451> national<00:25:00.836> airline.

00:25:01.253 --> 00:25:03.901
So<00:25:01.462> you've<00:25:01.558> got<00:25:01.703> to<00:25:01.783> take<00:25:01.943> a<00:25:01.975> boat<00:25:02.441> and<00:25:02.521> it<00:25:02.585> can<00:25:02.762> be<00:25:02.906> overnight,<00:25:03.628> right?

00:25:03.949 --> 00:25:13.432
So<00:25:04.286> you're<00:25:04.479> talking<00:25:04.575> about<00:25:04.687> a<00:25:04.767> 12-hour<00:25:05.329> trip<00:25:05.955> and,<00:25:06.596> you<00:25:06.629> know,<00:25:06.757> from<00:25:07.014> your<00:25:07.174> community,<00:25:07.559> it<00:25:07.639> might<00:25:07.816> be<00:25:08.297> an<00:25:08.522> 8-hour<00:25:08.859> drive<00:25:09.404> to<00:25:09.517> a<00:25:09.581> 12-hour<00:25:10.142> boat<00:25:10.447> ride<00:25:10.784> to<00:25:10.945> a<00:25:11.025> 3-hour<00:25:11.586> drive<00:25:12.228> to<00:25:12.389> go<00:25:12.549> and<00:25:12.629> get<00:25:12.854> your<00:25:13.014> ID.

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And<00:25:14.314> the<00:25:14.458> cost<00:25:15.261> is<00:25:15.501> high.

00:25:16.705 --> 00:25:22.402
Even<00:25:17.347> you<00:25:17.523> and<00:25:17.667> I<00:25:18.165> here<00:25:18.406> in<00:25:18.502> the<00:25:18.630> United<00:25:18.903> States<00:25:19.448> would<00:25:19.930> at<00:25:20.074> this<00:25:20.251> point<00:25:20.732> would<00:25:20.893> say,<00:25:21.134> wow,<00:25:21.294> that's<00:25:21.535> an<00:25:21.599> expensive<00:25:22.081> ticket.

00:25:22.579 --> 00:25:33.738
So<00:25:22.675> they<00:25:22.836> save<00:25:23.285> up<00:25:23.542> for<00:25:23.703> 6<00:25:24.008> months<00:25:24.409> just<00:25:24.730> for<00:25:24.778> this<00:25:24.971> ticket<00:25:25.389> to<00:25:25.533> go<00:25:25.629> to<00:25:25.710> the<00:25:25.854> capital,<00:25:26.753> so<00:25:26.850> then<00:25:27.155> get,<00:25:27.556> get<00:25:27.701> an<00:25:27.797> ID<00:25:28.841> so<00:25:29.001> that<00:25:29.162> they<00:25:29.242> might<00:25:29.547> be<00:25:29.628> able<00:25:29.740> to<00:25:29.868> get,<00:25:30.350> you<00:25:30.382> know,<00:25:30.768> a<00:25:30.784> seasonal<00:25:31.313> job<00:25:31.586> in<00:25:31.731> Australia<00:25:32.213> or<00:25:32.518> New<00:25:32.630> Zealand<00:25:32.951> or<00:25:33.015> something<00:25:33.337> like<00:25:33.561> that.

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But<00:25:33.979> then<00:25:34.139> they're<00:25:34.364> there<00:25:34.766> and<00:25:34.862> they're<00:25:35.087> in<00:25:35.183> the<00:25:35.263> big<00:25:35.440> city,<00:25:36.452> quote<00:25:36.725> unquote,<00:25:37.190> you<00:25:37.287> know,<00:25:37.431> in<00:25:37.592> Port<00:25:37.832> Vila,<00:25:39.021> and,<00:25:39.840> uh,<00:25:40.000> and<00:25:40.145> they<00:25:40.225> don't<00:25:40.402> really<00:25:40.562> go<00:25:40.723> back.

00:25:41.670 --> 00:25:50.321
Um,<00:25:42.007> they<00:25:42.232> find,<00:25:42.714> they<00:25:42.810> find<00:25:43.115> jobs<00:25:43.693> and<00:25:43.773> they,<00:25:44.078> they,<00:25:44.400> they<00:25:44.817> build<00:25:44.978> friends<00:25:45.540> and<00:25:45.636> they<00:25:45.780> start<00:25:46.166> you<00:25:46.262> know,<00:25:46.647> getting<00:25:46.824> together<00:25:47.225> and<00:25:47.289> drinking<00:25:47.610> kava,<00:25:48.187> which<00:25:48.332> is<00:25:48.573> a<00:25:48.653> local<00:25:48.974> kind<00:25:49.166> of<00:25:50.097> thing.

00:25:51.380 --> 00:25:56.451
And<00:25:52.776> some<00:25:54.204> just<00:25:54.605> find<00:25:54.782> a<00:25:54.830> new<00:25:55.007> life<00:25:55.327> there,<00:25:55.568> but<00:25:55.632> they<00:25:55.729> don't<00:25:55.889> go<00:25:56.049> back.

00:25:57.493 --> 00:26:01.713
And<00:25:57.638> we<00:25:57.798> want<00:25:57.959> to<00:25:57.991> make<00:25:58.199> sure<00:25:58.376> there<00:25:58.456> are<00:25:58.601> opportunities<00:25:59.258> and<00:25:59.339> connectivity<00:25:59.997> so<00:26:00.221> that<00:26:00.446> that<00:26:00.783> opportunity<00:26:01.344> exists.

00:26:01.890 --> 00:26:14.469
If<00:26:02.307> they<00:26:02.451> have<00:26:02.708> a<00:26:02.788> job<00:26:03.045> that<00:26:03.173> they<00:26:03.334> could<00:26:03.575> do<00:26:03.671> remotely<00:26:04.216> or<00:26:04.393> that<00:26:05.259> you<00:26:05.420> can<00:26:05.596> build<00:26:05.901> something,<00:26:07.281> a<00:26:07.425> way<00:26:07.842> that<00:26:08.645> they<00:26:08.869> can<00:26:09.912> do<00:26:10.233> that<00:26:10.795> e-government,<00:26:11.838> you<00:26:11.934> know,<00:26:12.094> national<00:26:12.576> ID<00:26:12.832> service<00:26:13.378> from<00:26:13.779> their<00:26:14.084> island.

00:26:14.742 --> 00:26:25.141
Then<00:26:14.902> they<00:26:15.062> don't<00:26:15.383> lose<00:26:15.703> those<00:26:16.008> working-age<00:26:18.091> young<00:26:18.283> adults<00:26:19.388> to,<00:26:20.013> you<00:26:20.606> know,<00:26:21.151> the<00:26:21.696> other<00:26:21.936> opportunities,<00:26:23.138> which<00:26:23.314> if<00:26:23.394> they<00:26:23.538> want<00:26:23.699> to<00:26:24.179> pursue<00:26:24.516> those,<00:26:24.836> great.

00:26:25.237 --> 00:26:27.320
But<00:26:25.397> we<00:26:25.702> want<00:26:25.958> those<00:26:26.118> opportunities<00:26:26.519> to<00:26:26.599> be<00:26:26.743> local<00:26:27.000> as<00:26:27.224> well.

00:26:27.560 --> 00:26:36.325
What's<00:26:27.753> something<00:26:28.105> you've<00:26:28.345> learned<00:26:28.922> in<00:26:29.067> all<00:26:29.243> of<00:26:29.339> your<00:26:29.467> experience<00:26:29.964> in<00:26:30.044> this<00:26:30.428> that<00:26:31.486> kind<00:26:31.662> of<00:26:31.710> shocked<00:26:32.191> you<00:26:32.447> or<00:26:32.768> would,<00:26:33.313> you<00:26:33.393> know,<00:26:33.793> resonate<00:26:34.370> with<00:26:34.611> a<00:26:34.835> group<00:26:35.091> of<00:26:35.155> CEOs<00:26:35.732> and<00:26:35.876> leaders?

00:26:36.373 --> 00:26:38.344
Like,<00:26:36.854> what<00:26:36.982> have<00:26:37.110> you<00:26:37.319> learned<00:26:37.591> in<00:26:37.735> doing<00:26:37.975> all<00:26:38.200> this?

00:26:38.440 --> 00:26:38.905
It's<00:26:38.600> fascinating.

00:26:38.953 --> 00:26:42.013
You<00:26:39.097> have<00:26:39.578> this<00:26:39.738> incredible<00:26:40.379> career<00:26:40.715> and<00:26:40.844> this<00:26:41.036> incredible<00:26:41.565> position.

00:26:42.847 --> 00:26:45.763
To<00:26:42.943> be<00:26:43.087> helping,<00:26:43.648> you<00:26:43.680> know,<00:26:44.160> so<00:26:44.321> many<00:26:44.529> different<00:26:44.705> people<00:26:45.010> from<00:26:45.186> around<00:26:45.426> the<00:26:45.506> world.

00:26:45.891 --> 00:26:46.916
Like,<00:26:46.051> what<00:26:46.131> have<00:26:46.243> you<00:26:46.372> learned<00:26:46.612> from<00:26:46.772> this?

00:26:47.189 --> 00:26:50.522
There's<00:26:47.910> been<00:26:48.070> a<00:26:48.294> lot<00:26:48.791> of<00:26:48.951> learning,<00:26:49.272> and<00:26:49.336> I<00:26:49.432> keep<00:26:49.752> learning.

00:26:50.938 --> 00:26:52.444
And<00:26:51.098> you<00:26:51.194> think<00:26:51.499> you<00:26:51.595> know<00:26:51.851> a<00:26:51.996> region.

00:26:53.662 --> 00:26:59.142
One<00:26:53.838> thing<00:26:53.999> you<00:26:54.223> learn<00:26:54.800> is<00:26:55.681> there's<00:26:57.043> not<00:26:58.084> much<00:26:58.725> difference.

00:26:59.206 --> 00:27:02.555
Yes,<00:26:59.446> there<00:26:59.574> are<00:26:59.671> cultural<00:27:00.087> differences,<00:27:01.529> but<00:27:01.930> we're<00:27:02.074> all<00:27:02.250> people.

00:27:03.051 --> 00:27:07.634
And<00:27:03.196> once<00:27:03.372> you<00:27:03.516> start—<00:27:04.413> and<00:27:05.134> there<00:27:05.295> are<00:27:05.439> minor<00:27:05.839> cultural<00:27:06.176> differences<00:27:06.593> that<00:27:06.721> can<00:27:06.961> really<00:27:07.298> get<00:27:07.458> you<00:27:07.538> in.

00:27:07.762 --> 00:27:17.847
You<00:27:08.019> can<00:27:08.163> offend<00:27:08.419> people<00:27:08.820> really<00:27:09.060> quickly<00:27:09.477> if<00:27:09.557> you<00:27:09.621> don't<00:27:09.861> know<00:27:09.941> what's<00:27:10.102> going<00:27:10.406> on<00:27:10.663> and<00:27:11.224> you<00:27:11.304> say<00:27:11.449> or<00:27:11.545> do<00:27:11.705> the<00:27:11.785> right<00:27:12.090> thing,<00:27:12.571> or,<00:27:12.892> you<00:27:12.924> know,<00:27:13.453> um,<00:27:13.934> and<00:27:14.335> usually<00:27:14.656> you<00:27:14.752> get<00:27:14.928> some<00:27:15.153> leeway<00:27:15.554> if<00:27:15.698> you're,<00:27:16.131> if<00:27:16.275> you're<00:27:16.435> from,<00:27:16.981> from<00:27:17.253> somewhere<00:27:17.638> else.

00:27:18.103 --> 00:27:24.052
Um,<00:27:18.600> but<00:27:18.761> fundamentally,<00:27:20.188> um,<00:27:20.845> what<00:27:21.070> I've<00:27:21.310> learned<00:27:21.952> is<00:27:22.192> that<00:27:22.849> binds<00:27:23.186> us<00:27:23.395> all<00:27:23.507> together.

00:27:24.373 --> 00:27:24.613
Yeah.

00:27:24.934 --> 00:27:29.793
And,<00:27:25.175> and<00:27:25.720> certain<00:27:26.056> types<00:27:26.457> of<00:27:26.538> humor<00:27:26.858> and<00:27:26.938> certain<00:27:27.179> types,<00:27:27.724> types<00:27:27.981> of<00:27:28.125> jokes<00:27:28.622> are<00:27:29.247> universal.

00:27:30.065 --> 00:27:44.784
Everybody<00:27:30.450> has<00:27:30.626> families,<00:27:31.428> everybody's<00:27:31.909> got<00:27:32.936> family<00:27:33.256> situations<00:27:34.379> and<00:27:34.555> significant<00:27:35.100> others<00:27:35.517> and<00:27:35.597> partners<00:27:36.159> and<00:27:36.399> children<00:27:37.265> and<00:27:37.907> the,<00:27:38.711> the<00:27:39.273> challenges<00:27:40.558> that,<00:27:41.201> that<00:27:41.297> we<00:27:41.458> face<00:27:42.165> are,<00:27:42.647> are<00:27:43.048> absolutely<00:27:43.530> universal<00:27:44.028> across<00:27:44.430> the<00:27:44.575> world.

00:27:45.073 --> 00:27:51.049
Everybody<00:27:45.474> understands<00:27:46.037> those<00:27:46.679> basic<00:27:47.001> dynamics,<00:27:47.708> uh,<00:27:47.740> no<00:27:47.900> matter<00:27:48.206> what<00:27:48.350> your<00:27:48.447> definition<00:27:48.993> of<00:27:49.073> family<00:27:49.475> is<00:27:50.134> or<00:27:50.294> whatever<00:27:50.696> it<00:27:50.857> is.

00:27:51.339 --> 00:27:55.371
Um,<00:27:52.383> I<00:27:52.399> think<00:27:52.608> I've<00:27:52.704> learned<00:27:52.929> that<00:27:53.090> a<00:27:53.106> lot<00:27:53.331> of,<00:27:53.668> a<00:27:53.749> lot<00:27:53.925> of<00:27:53.990> that<00:27:54.231> is<00:27:54.375> cultural<00:27:54.713> construct.

00:27:55.500 --> 00:28:13.938
Um,<00:27:56.383> and<00:27:56.560> when<00:27:56.721> it,<00:27:57.203> the<00:27:57.283> fundamentals<00:27:57.926> of<00:27:58.311> what<00:27:58.472> that<00:27:58.713> is,<00:27:58.954> when<00:27:59.050> you<00:27:59.211> get<00:27:59.372> past<00:28:00.239> what,<00:28:00.496> whatever<00:28:00.818> we<00:28:01.043> build<00:28:01.364> on<00:28:01.460> top<00:28:01.782> of<00:28:02.007> it<00:28:02.103> and<00:28:02.183> whatever<00:28:02.665> we<00:28:03.163> start<00:28:03.485> to,<00:28:03.951> to<00:28:04.336> to,<00:28:04.993> to<00:28:05.698> kind<00:28:05.859> of<00:28:06.035> wrap<00:28:06.372> around<00:28:06.740> that,<00:28:06.901> whatever<00:28:07.093> structure<00:28:07.478> we<00:28:07.638> put<00:28:07.814> around<00:28:08.183> that,<00:28:09.145> um,<00:28:09.962> kind<00:28:10.219> of<00:28:10.347> falls<00:28:10.748> apart<00:28:10.988> really<00:28:11.165> quickly<00:28:11.565> when<00:28:11.726> you,<00:28:12.030> when<00:28:12.110> you<00:28:12.271> realize<00:28:12.688> that<00:28:12.832> we're,<00:28:13.072> we're<00:28:13.313> all<00:28:13.393> human<00:28:13.649> beings.

00:28:14.371 --> 00:28:14.771
Yeah.

00:28:14.852 --> 00:28:28.798
And,<00:28:15.653> um,<00:28:16.134> and<00:28:16.294> fundamentally<00:28:17.240> the<00:28:17.320> human<00:28:17.721> mind,<00:28:18.523> um,<00:28:19.100> is,<00:28:19.725> is<00:28:20.126> pretty<00:28:20.302> much<00:28:20.606> the<00:28:20.687> same<00:28:21.344> no<00:28:21.440> matter<00:28:21.648> how<00:28:21.761> much<00:28:21.985> education<00:28:22.690> you've<00:28:22.867> had<00:28:23.187> or<00:28:23.267> no<00:28:23.428> matter<00:28:23.668> how<00:28:23.764> much,<00:28:24.390> um,<00:28:25.351> work<00:28:25.592> experience<00:28:26.473> or,<00:28:27.035> or<00:28:27.740> no<00:28:28.093> matter<00:28:28.397> where<00:28:28.541> you're<00:28:28.702> from.

00:28:29.102 --> 00:28:32.453
Yes,<00:28:29.343> there<00:28:29.423> are<00:28:29.535> significant<00:28:30.160> differences,<00:28:30.802> but<00:28:30.914> that's,<00:28:31.443> that's<00:28:31.828> really<00:28:32.020> surface.

00:28:32.629 --> 00:28:34.729
Uh,<00:28:32.966> well,<00:28:33.350> it's<00:28:33.447> been<00:28:33.511> incredible<00:28:33.879> to<00:28:33.992> have<00:28:34.104> you<00:28:34.248> on<00:28:34.473> here.

00:28:34.889 --> 00:28:42.097
We<00:28:35.050> end<00:28:35.194> every<00:28:35.450> interview<00:28:35.867> at<00:28:36.060> CEO.com<00:28:36.509> with<00:28:36.654> the<00:28:36.718> same<00:28:36.959> question,<00:28:37.617> and<00:28:37.697> that<00:28:37.938> is,<00:28:38.404> at<00:28:38.500> CEO.com,<00:28:39.126> we<00:28:39.287> believe<00:28:39.480> the<00:28:39.608> chances<00:28:40.009> one<00:28:40.186> gives<00:28:40.604> is<00:28:40.668> just<00:28:40.909> as<00:28:40.973> important<00:28:41.214> as<00:28:41.246> the<00:28:41.390> chances<00:28:41.711> one<00:28:41.872> takes.

00:28:42.354 --> 00:28:45.340
When<00:28:42.498> you<00:28:42.675> hear<00:28:42.900> that,<00:28:43.140> who<00:28:43.237> gave<00:28:43.542> you<00:28:43.702> a<00:28:43.735> chance<00:28:44.264> to<00:28:44.361> get<00:28:44.521> you<00:28:44.618> to<00:28:44.746> where<00:28:44.907> you<00:28:45.019> are<00:28:45.099> today?

00:28:45.645 --> 00:28:55.938
That<00:28:45.870> is<00:28:46.047> a<00:28:46.689> really,<00:28:47.155> really<00:28:47.412> interesting<00:28:47.957> question,<00:28:48.937> um,<00:28:49.724> and,<00:28:50.061> uh,<00:28:50.928> I<00:28:51.088> think—<00:28:51.426> and<00:28:51.506> there's,<00:28:51.747> there's<00:28:51.972> a,<00:28:52.148> there's<00:28:52.373> a<00:28:52.614> whole—<00:28:53.031> I'm<00:28:53.529> seeing,<00:28:53.914> imagining<00:28:54.701> a<00:28:54.717> whole<00:28:55.119> lineup.

00:28:56.323 --> 00:28:59.101
It's<00:28:56.467> a<00:28:56.548> hard<00:28:56.724> question,<00:28:57.190> a<00:28:57.286> whole<00:28:57.447> lineup<00:28:58.009> of,<00:28:58.314> of<00:28:58.475> individuals.

00:28:59.277 --> 00:29:18.034
I<00:28:59.309> think<00:28:59.454> just<00:28:59.695> being<00:29:00.080> here<00:29:00.353> and,<00:29:00.722> and<00:29:00.835> sitting<00:29:01.622> sitting<00:29:01.942> at<00:29:02.023> this<00:29:02.263> table,<00:29:03.130> um,<00:29:04.173> I,<00:29:05.055> I,<00:29:05.296> I'm<00:29:05.633> not<00:29:06.274> that<00:29:06.595> far<00:29:06.916> away<00:29:07.622> from<00:29:08.264> my,<00:29:08.665> my<00:29:09.002> very<00:29:09.387> first,<00:29:10.109> uh,<00:29:10.783> kind<00:29:11.023> of<00:29:11.248> post-college<00:29:12.692> job<00:29:13.558> in<00:29:13.671> Salt<00:29:13.975> Lake<00:29:14.152> City<00:29:14.938> in<00:29:15.082> the<00:29:15.179> Triad<00:29:15.644> Center<00:29:16.446> at<00:29:16.558> the<00:29:16.687> time,<00:29:17.168> uh,<00:29:17.409> in<00:29:17.505> advertising.

00:29:18.131 --> 00:29:25.655
DSW<00:29:18.628> Partners,<00:29:19.815> um,<00:29:19.912> they<00:29:19.992> were<00:29:20.136> bought<00:29:20.313> by<00:29:20.537> Euro<00:29:20.874> RSG,<00:29:21.660> and<00:29:21.757> it<00:29:21.821> was,<00:29:22.078> it<00:29:22.158> was<00:29:22.463> advertising<00:29:23.361> and<00:29:23.441> it<00:29:23.505> was<00:29:23.682> digital,<00:29:24.324> and<00:29:24.548> we<00:29:24.645> were<00:29:24.789> doing<00:29:25.046> stuff<00:29:25.286> for<00:29:25.431> Intel.

00:29:25.703 --> 00:29:27.115
It<00:29:25.768> was,<00:29:26.024> it<00:29:26.153> was<00:29:26.329> cool,<00:29:26.506> it<00:29:26.554> was<00:29:26.714> great<00:29:26.971> fun.

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And,<00:29:28.798> and,<00:29:29.359> um,<00:29:30.320> the—<00:29:30.817> I<00:29:30.897> don't<00:29:31.074> even<00:29:31.282> remember<00:29:31.634> the<00:29:31.715> name<00:29:32.099> of<00:29:32.243> the<00:29:32.324> hiring<00:29:32.820> manager,<00:29:33.686> uh,<00:29:34.263> but,<00:29:34.807> you<00:29:34.904> know,<00:29:35.128> he,<00:29:35.609> he<00:29:35.785> picked<00:29:36.009> someone<00:29:36.410> up<00:29:36.730> who,<00:29:37.468> who,<00:29:37.948> and,<00:29:38.669> and,<00:29:39.054> you<00:29:39.134> know,<00:29:39.230> put<00:29:39.455> me<00:29:39.551> as<00:29:39.711> account<00:29:40.048> manager<00:29:40.576> over,<00:29:41.137> you<00:29:41.169> know,<00:29:41.250> a<00:29:41.314> pretty<00:29:41.554> significant<00:29:42.035> account<00:29:42.419> for<00:29:42.596> working<00:29:42.836> for<00:29:42.932> Intel<00:29:43.557> at<00:29:43.621> the<00:29:43.717> time.

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Yeah,<00:29:44.567> that's<00:29:44.903> okay.

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And<00:29:45.096> there<00:29:45.176> was<00:29:45.304> a<00:29:45.320> lot<00:29:45.544> of<00:29:45.624> trust<00:29:45.961> there,<00:29:46.265> and,<00:29:46.586> and,<00:29:47.147> um,<00:29:47.403> I<00:29:47.563> think<00:29:47.724> he,<00:29:48.509> um,<00:29:49.470> you<00:29:49.567> know,<00:29:49.727> recognized<00:29:50.448> that,<00:29:51.073> you<00:29:51.105> know,<00:29:51.233> here<00:29:51.345> was<00:29:51.441> someone<00:29:51.890> who<00:29:52.917> maybe<00:29:53.884> thought<00:29:54.061> a<00:29:54.077> little<00:29:54.222> bit<00:29:54.384> differently,<00:29:54.867> and<00:29:55.028> maybe<00:29:55.270> that<00:29:55.431> was<00:29:55.592> good.

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So,<00:29:56.882> so<00:29:57.349> yeah,<00:29:57.623> it<00:29:57.849> was<00:29:57.929> a<00:29:58.074> great,<00:29:58.477> great<00:29:58.655> opportunity.

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It<00:29:59.299> was,<00:30:00.121> it<00:30:00.186> was<00:30:00.412> here<00:30:00.653> in<00:30:00.686> Utah<00:30:00.960> that<00:30:01.220> that<00:30:01.399> happened.

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Right<00:30:02.212> here<00:30:02.375> in<00:30:02.456> Utah.

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It's<00:30:03.106> incredible.

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Aaron,<00:30:04.473> thank<00:30:04.635> you<00:30:04.668> so<00:30:04.814> much<00:30:04.961> for<00:30:05.058> coming<00:30:05.221> on.

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Thank<00:30:05.725> you,<00:30:05.871> Clint.