The chief repeat officer

Prashanth Chandrasekar was 17 when he made a deal with his parents. If he won a scholarship abroad, they would let him go. They agreed because they did not think it would happen. Nobody they knew had left home that young to go thousands of miles away. Then the University of Maine said yes.

"They gave me a chance," he told the CEO.com Podcast. He now sits on the school's Board of Visitors.

Twenty-some years later, he runs Stack Overflow, the site that taught a generation of programmers how to fix a missing bracket at 2 a.m. and, as it turned out, taught the AI models now replacing it.

That is the problem Chandrasekar is paid to solve, and he is candid about how the company got here. Stack Overflow's data helped train the large language models. The company put up anti-scrapers and told the labs to come back with a contract. Most did. "We're actually licensing our data to these big AI providers like OpenAI, Google Gemini, and so on," he said on the CEO.com Podcast. The public data stays free. The integrations cost money.

He does not want the word forum anywhere near the company. "It's not an opinion or a discussion board of any kind," he said, before the question was fully finished. "It's very much an accurate knowledge base of the canonical answer to a question." The community votes, the accepted answer rises, and what is left is closer to an encyclopedia than a message board. About 100 million people use it across 185 countries. Close to 20,000 companies pay for a private version to store their own institutional knowledge. Advertising runs on the traffic. Overflow AI puts generative features on top. Overflow API sells the corpus to the labs.

He joined in 2019, 11 years in. Joel Spolsky, the co-founder who hired him, wrote at the time that Chandrasekar had built Rackspace's managed public cloud business from nothing and walked the company from hosting into cloud services. Before that, he did technology M&A at Barclays and ran operations engagements at Capgemini, per his company bio. Harvard MBA. Cornell master's. Maine undergrad, summa cum laude. The founders wanted someone to turn the enterprise product into recurring revenue. "That is why they found me."

Two years later Prosus agreed to pay about $1.8 billion for the company. Two years after that, in May 2023, he cut 58 jobs, about 10 percent of the company, and wrote that the decision weighed heavily on him.

Chandrasekar has one thing most CEOs talking about AI do not: a survey of tens of thousands of the people actually using it. He quotes it from memory. The share of developers using or planning to use AI tools went from about 70 percent to 77 percent in a year. The share who trusted what came out stayed flat at 40 percent. Enthusiasm dropped. "People are concerned about accuracy," he said. "They don't know where this information came from. It's a black box. It does not cite any of the original sources."

Since the conversation, the numbers have moved in the same direction and faster. The 2025 survey put usage at 84 percent, up from 76 percent, and found 46 percent of developers distrust the output. Three percent highly trust it. Two-thirds say the answers are almost right, but not quite.

Chandrasekar calls this the complexity cliff. The models are good for a first draft, and then they stop, and when they stop, the user leaves. His pitch is that the user should land on Stack Overflow instead. He calls it knowledge as a service.

The pitch has an obvious weakness. In December 2025, fewer than 4,000 questions were asked on the public site. The 2014 peak was more than 200,000 a month. In its most recent annual results, Prosus wrote down another $482 million, mostly on Stack Overflow and a sister company, and said the businesses are not performing to the expectations it had when it bought them, because of generative AI. The same report shows Stack Overflow's revenue up 12 percent to $129 million and an adjusted profit of $12 million, up from a $9 million loss the year before.

The company's response has been to go where the developers went. AI Assist, a conversational search that returns community-verified answers first and lets a model fill the gaps, went live in December 2025. In June, Stack Overflow for Agents opened in beta. Coding agents query it before they burn compute, draft a post when they solve something new, and hand the draft to a human for approval. Every agent's reputation is tied to a person's account.

On open versus closed models, he took a side. "Given who we are, we're huge believers in open source." He called Meta's decision to release Llama "a masterclass chess move" and predicted that model costs will fall the way every prior technology cost has fallen. He prefaced the whole thing by saying he does not know Mark Zuckerberg. Then he called him Zuck for the rest of the answer.

His day has four parts. Strategy. Customer calls, at least two. Internal reviews, because the ecosystem is moving and he wants to know whether the company is moving as fast. And repetition. "One of my other titles other than CEO is CRO, not Chief Revenue Officer, but Chief Repeat Officer. I constantly mention the same thing over and over again. I have to do it just to keep people aligned."

His leadership books are Lencioni's The Five Dysfunctions of a Team and Carol Dweck on growth mindset. He does not claim to be a hundred-books-a-year reader. He reads whatever is happening in AI that week and admits it is hard to keep up.

Asked about CEOs weighing in on wars and elections, he said leaders who pretend the outside world does not exist are being obtuse. People spend eight or 10 hours at work and the other 14 living. Stack Overflow gives them employee-led groups for those conversations. The company itself does not.

Stack Overflow is fully remote. It was mostly remote before the pandemic and gave up its New York and London offices afterward. Chandrasekar goes to an office anyway, alone, because he gets more done there.

He was in that office for the interview. Every CEO.com Podcast ends with the same question, on the idea that the chances one gives are just as important as the chances one takes. He went back to Maine, and his parents, and the school.

"None of this would've been possible if not for the school that gave me an opportunity to come over from India to the US," he said. "Also, obviously, the United States is the greatest country in the world."

00:00:09 Introduction to Stack Overflow
00:00:34 Overview of Stack Overflow's Services
00:02:06 Foundation of Stack Overflow
00:03:49 Prashanth's Journey to Stack Overflow
00:05:10 Evolution of Software Development
00:07:52 Insights on the Future of AI
00:11:12 Personal Use of AI Tools
00:13:32 Open Source vs Closed Source AI
00:20:39 Key Leadership Traits
00:22:32 CEO's Role in Addressing Current Affairs
00:25:21 Work Environment Preferences
00:26:56 Acknowledging Supportive Figures

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And<00:03:22.112> there<00:03:22.208> may<00:03:22.353> be<00:03:22.513> multiple<00:03:22.979> answers<00:03:23.397> to<00:03:23.541> a<00:03:23.557> question,<00:03:24.039> but<00:03:24.184> it's<00:03:24.344> always,<00:03:24.746> it's<00:03:25.228> peer-curated,<00:03:26.272> it's<00:03:26.529> voted<00:03:26.850> by<00:03:27.010> the<00:03:27.091> community,<00:03:27.733> and<00:03:27.894> only<00:03:28.135> the<00:03:28.215> accepted<00:03:28.761> answers<00:03:29.403> are<00:03:30.303> ultimately<00:03:31.668> displayed<00:03:32.134> for<00:03:32.230> people<00:03:32.471> to<00:03:32.631> use<00:03:32.888> in<00:03:33.033> a<00:03:33.097> repeatable<00:03:33.579> sense.

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So<00:03:34.318> it's<00:03:34.462> not<00:03:34.703> a<00:03:35.185> discussion,<00:03:35.683> it's<00:03:35.844> not<00:03:35.956> like<00:03:36.101> a<00:03:36.229> podcast<00:03:36.791> conversation<00:03:37.289> like<00:03:37.450> this<00:03:37.674> one<00:03:37.996> that<00:03:38.092> just<00:03:38.237> shows<00:03:38.429> up<00:03:38.574> online.

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It's<00:03:39.361> very<00:03:39.537> much<00:03:39.939> the<00:03:40.196> equivalent<00:03:40.742> of<00:03:40.838> an<00:03:40.967> encyclopedia<00:03:42.750> of<00:03:42.910> information<00:03:43.472> that's<00:03:43.713> very<00:03:44.018> accurate<00:03:44.596> and<00:03:44.902> peer-curated<00:03:45.865> by<00:03:45.946> are<00:03:45.978> the<00:03:46.106> world's<00:03:46.347> experts.

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At<00:03:47.086> what<00:03:47.247> point<00:03:47.488> did<00:03:47.632> you<00:03:47.729> get<00:03:47.873> involved?

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I<00:03:49.576> joined<00:03:49.753> the<00:03:49.817> company<00:03:50.283> in<00:03:50.379> 2019.

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So<00:03:51.584> almost<00:03:52.002> 11<00:03:52.451> years<00:03:52.933> after<00:03:53.978> the<00:03:54.058> founding<00:03:54.331> of<00:03:54.379> the<00:03:54.540> company<00:03:54.877> by<00:03:55.038> the<00:03:55.263> two<00:03:55.359> amazing<00:03:55.761> founders,<00:03:56.885> Joel<00:03:57.271> and<00:03:57.367> Jeff.

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And<00:03:58.572> they<00:03:58.732> brought<00:03:58.973> me<00:03:59.118> on<00:03:59.455> because<00:04:00.002> the<00:04:00.082> phase<00:04:00.339> of<00:04:00.403> the<00:04:00.564> company<00:04:01.287> in<00:04:01.929> around<00:04:02.491> 2018,<00:04:03.552> 2019<00:04:04.258> was<00:04:04.837> they<00:04:04.981> had<00:04:05.319> a<00:04:05.399> couple<00:04:05.704> businesses,<00:04:06.186> the<00:04:06.347> advertising<00:04:06.845> business,<00:04:07.407> they<00:04:07.455> had<00:04:07.568> something<00:04:07.809> called<00:04:07.953> a<00:04:07.969> talent<00:04:08.756> business<00:04:09.078> which<00:04:09.126> was<00:04:09.190> around<00:04:09.495> job<00:04:09.801> listings.

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But<00:04:11.262> then<00:04:11.423> they<00:04:11.809> realized<00:04:12.210> that<00:04:12.307> there's<00:04:12.483> an<00:04:12.612> opportunity<00:04:13.656> with<00:04:13.897> what<00:04:13.993> I<00:04:14.073> described<00:04:14.539> earlier,<00:04:14.716> which<00:04:14.876> is<00:04:15.021> the<00:04:15.182> enterprise<00:04:15.599> version<00:04:15.920> of<00:04:15.953> Stack,<00:04:16.242> 'cause<00:04:16.306> this<00:04:16.483> problem<00:04:16.884> that<00:04:16.964> we're<00:04:17.061> solving<00:04:17.687> to<00:04:17.767> make<00:04:17.928> sure<00:04:18.089> that<00:04:18.249> people<00:04:18.506> have<00:04:18.795> accurate<00:04:19.229> knowledge<00:04:19.630> inside<00:04:19.936> companies,<00:04:20.530> 'cause<00:04:21.285> those<00:04:21.445> are<00:04:21.686> primarily<00:04:22.104> the<00:04:22.248> issues,<00:04:22.586> finding<00:04:23.067> information<00:04:23.533> that's<00:04:23.710> accurate<00:04:24.095> within<00:04:24.336> company.

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It's<00:04:24.818> always<00:04:25.075> a<00:04:25.236> big<00:04:25.477> productivity<00:04:26.842> drain.

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So<00:04:28.303> they<00:04:28.448> thought<00:04:28.608> that<00:04:28.753> there<00:04:28.833> was<00:04:28.914> a<00:04:28.930> great<00:04:29.155> opportunity<00:04:29.476> for<00:04:29.556> us<00:04:29.733> to<00:04:30.198> go<00:04:30.279> lean<00:04:30.520> into<00:04:30.712> that<00:04:30.873> and<00:04:30.953> they<00:04:31.098> wanted<00:04:31.339> to<00:04:31.901> bring<00:04:32.126> on<00:04:32.222> somebody<00:04:32.624> that<00:04:32.848> had<00:04:33.170> the<00:04:33.282> ability<00:04:33.748> to<00:04:33.844> scale<00:04:34.631> into<00:04:35.033> a<00:04:35.113> recurring<00:04:35.515> revenue<00:04:35.836> business,<00:04:36.318> et<00:04:36.398> cetera.

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And<00:04:37.442> the<00:04:37.522> work<00:04:37.763> I'd<00:04:37.827> done<00:04:38.309> at<00:04:38.486> my<00:04:38.871> prior<00:04:39.996> role<00:04:40.333> at<00:04:40.413> another<00:04:40.654> technology<00:04:41.056> company<00:04:41.762> here<00:04:41.859> in<00:04:42.003> Texas,<00:04:43.063> was<00:04:43.288> all<00:04:43.385> about<00:04:43.963> scaling<00:04:44.429> and<00:04:44.510> growing<00:04:44.831> a<00:04:44.847> very<00:04:45.313> rapidly,<00:04:47.482> a<00:04:47.498> very<00:04:48.286> rapidly<00:04:48.687> growing<00:04:49.491> division<00:04:49.876> of<00:04:49.908> a<00:04:49.973> large<00:04:50.150> company.

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And<00:04:51.339> that<00:04:51.499> is<00:04:51.644> why<00:04:52.304> they<00:04:52.643> found<00:04:52.949> me<00:04:53.175> and<00:04:53.836> I<00:04:53.901> was<00:04:54.062> thankful<00:04:54.401> to<00:04:54.546> get<00:04:54.724> the<00:04:54.788> opportunity<00:04:55.240> to<00:04:55.353> make<00:04:55.466> a<00:04:55.530> difference<00:04:55.918> here.

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How<00:04:56.821> do<00:04:56.886> you<00:04:57.047> think,<00:04:57.531> I<00:04:57.725> mean,<00:04:58.176> this<00:04:58.338> question<00:04:58.580> is<00:04:58.676> pretty<00:04:58.918> broad<00:04:59.386> and<00:04:59.483> probably<00:04:59.709> has,<00:05:00.693> probably<00:05:00.935> take<00:05:01.161> like<00:05:01.484> hours<00:05:01.742> and<00:05:01.806> hours<00:05:02.065> and<00:05:02.146> hours<00:05:02.388> to<00:05:02.614> answer,<00:05:02.953> but<00:05:04.068> how<00:05:04.100> do<00:05:04.229> you<00:05:04.326> think<00:05:04.504> software<00:05:04.827> development<00:05:05.214> has<00:05:05.441> changed<00:05:06.119> since<00:05:06.991> Stack<00:05:07.395> Overflow<00:05:07.879> is<00:05:08.826> founded?

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Yeah,<00:05:10.524> I<00:05:10.621> think<00:05:10.781> it's<00:05:10.941> a<00:05:11.005> great<00:05:11.165> question.

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I<00:05:11.566> mean,<00:05:11.726> there's<00:05:12.207> always<00:05:12.512> been<00:05:12.688> moments<00:05:13.105> in<00:05:13.249> time<00:05:13.650> where<00:05:13.826> it<00:05:13.954> was<00:05:14.114> the<00:05:14.210> pre<00:05:14.451> and<00:05:14.531> the<00:05:14.675> post.

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It<00:05:15.092> was<00:05:15.268> never<00:05:15.573> the<00:05:15.653> same<00:05:16.198> after<00:05:16.935> those<00:05:17.159> moments,<00:05:17.656> right?

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Whether<00:05:18.137> that<00:05:18.361> is<00:05:19.098> the<00:05:19.259> internet<00:05:20.044> era<00:05:20.781> or<00:05:20.861> the<00:05:21.006> mobile<00:05:21.326> era<00:05:21.903> or<00:05:21.999> even<00:05:22.207> the<00:05:22.288> cloud,<00:05:22.945> you<00:05:23.025> know,<00:05:23.746> and<00:05:23.906> then<00:05:24.002> Stack<00:05:24.371> Overflow.

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If<00:05:25.333> you<00:05:25.429> think<00:05:25.557> about<00:05:25.669> the<00:05:25.813> world<00:05:26.070> before<00:05:26.326> Stack<00:05:26.711> Overflow,<00:05:27.192> where<00:05:27.432> people<00:05:27.656> like<00:05:27.833> me<00:05:28.137> who<00:05:28.217> were<00:05:28.954> in,<00:05:29.195> you<00:05:29.451> know,<00:05:29.676> writing<00:05:30.060> code<00:05:31.038> based<00:05:31.422> on,<00:05:31.823> you<00:05:31.903> know,<00:05:32.320> my<00:05:32.480> own<00:05:32.721> sort<00:05:32.897> of<00:05:33.121> intuition<00:05:33.762> plus<00:05:34.003> my<00:05:34.163> knowledge<00:05:34.644> plus,<00:05:34.884> you<00:05:34.964> know,<00:05:35.044> maybe<00:05:35.429> asking,<00:05:35.990> you<00:05:36.022> know,<00:05:36.166> people<00:05:36.407> that<00:05:36.551> I<00:05:36.711> knew<00:05:36.968> around<00:05:37.272> me<00:05:37.528> to<00:05:37.689> kind<00:05:37.769> of<00:05:37.913> help<00:05:38.089> me<00:05:38.169> if<00:05:38.314> I<00:05:38.394> got<00:05:38.554> stuck<00:05:39.035> or<00:05:39.420> maybe<00:05:39.692> asking<00:05:40.013> a<00:05:40.077> professor<00:05:40.638> if<00:05:40.734> you<00:05:40.814> were<00:05:40.895> in<00:05:41.199> university.

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That<00:05:42.514> was<00:05:42.658> the<00:05:42.803> pre-Stack<00:05:43.364> Overflow<00:05:43.636> days.

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And<00:05:44.005> obviously<00:05:44.502> documentation<00:05:45.160> and<00:05:45.288> manuals<00:05:45.705> and<00:05:45.849> all<00:05:46.570> the<00:05:46.811> things<00:05:46.987> that<00:05:47.035> we<00:05:47.068> typically<00:05:47.292> use.

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Now,<00:05:49.392> not<00:05:49.553> now,<00:05:49.713> but<00:05:50.098> post-founding<00:05:50.980> of<00:05:51.012> the<00:05:51.076> company<00:05:51.316> in<00:05:51.397> 2008<00:05:51.974> and<00:05:52.054> Stack<00:05:52.359> Overflow<00:05:52.679> with<00:05:52.904> all<00:05:53.000> this<00:05:53.160> knowledge<00:05:53.561> that<00:05:53.705> started<00:05:54.026> to<00:05:54.106> get<00:05:54.283> documented,<00:05:55.405> it<00:05:55.485> was<00:05:55.710> as<00:05:55.742> simple<00:05:56.351> as<00:05:56.527> people<00:05:56.928> going<00:05:57.634> onto,<00:05:58.131> let's<00:05:58.483> say,<00:05:58.612> your<00:05:58.788> favorite<00:05:59.109> search<00:05:59.413> engine,<00:05:59.654> let's<00:05:59.878> say<00:05:59.975> Google,<00:06:00.921> and<00:06:01.097> typing<00:06:01.482> in,<00:06:01.562> how<00:06:01.738> do<00:06:01.883> I<00:06:02.316> spin<00:06:02.684> up<00:06:02.941> XYZ<00:06:03.502> server?

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And<00:06:04.849> typically<00:06:05.266> the<00:06:05.410> answer<00:06:05.827> was<00:06:06.051> always<00:06:06.308> a<00:06:06.324> Stack<00:06:06.693> Overflow<00:06:07.029> answer<00:06:07.350> that<00:06:07.430> came<00:06:08.136> as<00:06:08.296> the<00:06:08.376> first<00:06:08.697> answer<00:06:09.018> because<00:06:09.210> it<00:06:09.291> was<00:06:09.435> always<00:06:09.740> accurate<00:06:10.237> and<00:06:10.542> the<00:06:10.943> fastest<00:06:12.162> response.

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And<00:06:14.007> people<00:06:14.424> use<00:06:14.632> that<00:06:14.825> as<00:06:14.953> a<00:06:15.049> very<00:06:15.354> repeatable<00:06:15.931> and<00:06:16.076> accurate<00:06:16.397> metric<00:06:16.653> because<00:06:16.749> you<00:06:16.878> could<00:06:16.974> trust<00:06:17.359> it<00:06:17.600> because<00:06:17.776> it<00:06:17.856> came<00:06:18.097> from<00:06:18.241> the<00:06:18.321> world's<00:06:18.642> experts<00:06:19.204> who<00:06:19.236> had<00:06:19.380> basically<00:06:19.845> uploaded<00:06:20.278> the<00:06:20.343> right<00:06:20.583> answer<00:06:20.888> and<00:06:21.016> downloaded<00:06:21.305> the<00:06:21.385> wrong<00:06:21.626> ones.

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Only<00:06:22.107> the<00:06:22.187> right<00:06:22.428> ones<00:06:22.652> you<00:06:22.749> knew<00:06:22.893> you<00:06:23.150> could<00:06:23.294> rely<00:06:23.551> on<00:06:23.727> it.

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And<00:06:25.475> then<00:06:25.716> that<00:06:25.957> became<00:06:26.438> the<00:06:26.582> way<00:06:26.679> in<00:06:26.839> which<00:06:27.063> people<00:06:27.737> started<00:06:28.042> writing<00:06:28.363> code.

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It<00:06:28.764> was<00:06:29.085> less<00:06:29.309> struggling<00:06:29.806> with<00:06:30.608> documentation<00:06:31.218> and<00:06:31.443> textbooks.

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And<00:06:33.351> now<00:06:33.881> people<00:06:34.121> have<00:06:34.218> been<00:06:34.378> doing<00:06:34.603> that<00:06:34.779> now<00:06:34.939> for<00:06:35.100> almost<00:06:36.528> you<00:06:36.608> know,<00:06:36.785> over<00:06:37.202> since<00:06:37.507> 2008.

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So,<00:06:38.695> you<00:06:39.096> know,<00:06:39.193> since<00:06:39.369> 16<00:06:39.755> years.

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And<00:06:40.236> now<00:06:40.477> we<00:06:40.557> are<00:06:40.637> now<00:06:40.798> pivoting<00:06:41.199> to<00:06:42.788> the<00:06:43.029> AI<00:06:43.431> world<00:06:43.832> where<00:06:44.089> we're<00:06:44.249> basically<00:06:44.651> saying,<00:06:45.036> how<00:06:45.212> do<00:06:45.293> we<00:06:45.453> deliver<00:06:45.694> the<00:06:45.774> same<00:06:46.160> high-quality<00:06:46.978> knowledge<00:06:48.006> in<00:06:48.102> the<00:06:48.262> form<00:06:48.503> of<00:06:48.599> a<00:06:48.664> knowledge<00:06:49.001> store<00:06:50.028> to<00:06:50.173> companies<00:06:50.686> and<00:06:50.767> to<00:06:50.895> developers<00:06:51.377> all<00:06:51.409> around<00:06:51.617> the<00:06:51.714> world,<00:06:52.420> wherever<00:06:52.757> they<00:06:52.998> are?

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You<00:06:53.319> know,<00:06:53.560> if<00:06:53.720> they<00:06:53.945> are<00:06:54.202> going<00:06:54.748> to<00:06:54.844> be<00:06:54.924> spending<00:06:55.245> time<00:06:55.486> in<00:06:55.566> a<00:06:55.631> GenAI<00:06:56.128> tool,<00:06:56.594> awesome,<00:06:56.834> let's<00:06:57.075> surface<00:06:57.412> it<00:06:57.573> there.

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Let's<00:06:58.087> surface<00:06:58.456> it<00:06:58.616> inside<00:06:59.194> an<00:06:59.403> IDE<00:06:59.965> where<00:07:00.061> they're<00:07:00.157> spending<00:07:00.478> a<00:07:00.527> lot<00:07:00.639> of<00:07:00.687> time<00:07:00.864> writing<00:07:01.169> code,<00:07:01.426> or<00:07:01.506> let's<00:07:01.682> surface<00:07:02.132> Stack<00:07:02.453> Overflow<00:07:02.646> content<00:07:03.272> in<00:07:03.833> your<00:07:03.929> Slack<00:07:04.314> instance<00:07:04.779> 'cause<00:07:04.891> you're<00:07:04.972> spending<00:07:05.196> a<00:07:05.260> lot<00:07:05.437> of<00:07:05.501> time<00:07:05.742> chatting<00:07:06.062> with<00:07:06.223> your<00:07:06.399> teammates<00:07:07.041> or<00:07:08.003> maybe<00:07:08.324> in<00:07:08.468> GitHub<00:07:08.805> Copilot<00:07:09.591> because,<00:07:09.831> you<00:07:09.928> know,<00:07:10.008> that<00:07:10.329> GitHub<00:07:10.569> Copilot<00:07:11.130> does<00:07:11.371> a<00:07:11.435> great<00:07:11.692> job<00:07:11.932> of<00:07:12.013> generating<00:07:12.494> code.

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Why<00:07:13.328> don't<00:07:13.456> we<00:07:13.616> provide<00:07:14.001> all<00:07:14.098> the<00:07:14.242> context<00:07:15.461> that<00:07:15.701> supports<00:07:16.423> that<00:07:16.664> code<00:07:17.049> that's<00:07:17.225> being<00:07:17.369> generated<00:07:17.642> so<00:07:17.851> you<00:07:17.947> understand<00:07:18.508> what<00:07:18.733> you're<00:07:18.893> actually<00:07:19.150> generating<00:07:19.711> and<00:07:19.791> you<00:07:19.871> can<00:07:20.032> learn<00:07:20.288> from<00:07:20.513> it<00:07:20.754> and<00:07:20.914> you<00:07:20.946> can<00:07:21.106> debug<00:07:21.571> it<00:07:21.716> and<00:07:21.796> so<00:07:22.037> on.

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So<00:07:22.678> we<00:07:22.822> just<00:07:22.983> wanna<00:07:23.159> be<00:07:23.320> wherever<00:07:23.656> the<00:07:23.801> developer<00:07:24.426> is<00:07:24.843> and<00:07:24.891> wherever<00:07:25.164> the<00:07:25.244> technologist<00:07:26.110> is.

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And<00:07:27.329> so<00:07:27.554> our<00:07:27.650> model<00:07:28.035> has<00:07:28.195> changed<00:07:28.516> from<00:07:28.997> relying<00:07:29.398> on<00:07:29.494> people<00:07:29.815> to<00:07:30.040> come<00:07:30.377> through<00:07:30.601> a,<00:07:30.762> let's<00:07:30.922> say,<00:07:31.419> a<00:07:31.499> search<00:07:31.820> engine<00:07:32.526> response<00:07:33.024> to<00:07:33.248> our<00:07:33.345> website.

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That's<00:07:34.131> certainly<00:07:34.533> a<00:07:34.613> lot<00:07:34.726> of<00:07:34.790> people<00:07:34.966> do<00:07:35.111> that,<00:07:35.817> continue<00:07:36.074> to<00:07:36.106> do<00:07:36.171> that,<00:07:36.379> millions<00:07:36.652> of<00:07:36.781> people.

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But<00:07:37.519> we<00:07:37.824> also<00:07:38.242> want<00:07:38.402> to<00:07:38.547> be<00:07:38.884> in<00:07:39.029> all<00:07:39.125> these<00:07:39.285> GenAI<00:07:39.751> tools,<00:07:39.992> which<00:07:40.104> is<00:07:40.233> really<00:07:40.474> why<00:07:40.650> we've<00:07:40.811> announced<00:07:41.276> all<00:07:41.325> our<00:07:41.389> partnerships<00:07:42.015> with<00:07:42.176> OpenAI<00:07:42.818> and<00:07:43.059> Google<00:07:43.701> and<00:07:44.263> soon<00:07:44.969> GitHub<00:07:45.306> and<00:07:45.451> others<00:07:45.868> that<00:07:46.045> we're<00:07:46.334> excited<00:07:46.671> about.

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What<00:07:47.458> is<00:07:47.554> your<00:07:47.699> sense<00:07:48.020> for<00:07:48.116> the<00:07:48.261> future<00:07:48.598> of<00:07:48.742> AI?

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Another<00:07:50.284> huge<00:07:50.749> question.

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Yeah,<00:07:53.013> yeah.

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A<00:07:54.234> few<00:07:54.442> of<00:07:54.523> us<00:07:54.619> have<00:07:54.780> been<00:07:55.020> through,<00:07:55.727> as<00:07:55.887> you<00:07:55.984> have,<00:07:56.771> through<00:07:57.027> multiple<00:07:57.509> of<00:07:57.654> these<00:07:58.200> technology<00:07:58.740> transformations,<00:08:00.340> there's<00:08:00.780> always<00:08:01.080> going<00:08:01.300> to<00:08:01.340> be<00:08:01.580> like<00:08:01.840> this<00:08:02.740> adoption<00:08:03.240> curve.

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And<00:08:04.220> we're<00:08:04.520> very<00:08:04.760> much<00:08:04.960> in<00:08:05.160> the<00:08:05.220> early<00:08:05.520> parts<00:08:05.760> of<00:08:05.940> that<00:08:06.040> adoption<00:08:06.420> curve.

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If<00:08:07.380> I<00:08:07.500> go<00:08:07.720> take<00:08:07.800> it<00:08:07.980> back<00:08:08.080> to<00:08:08.200> some<00:08:08.360> data,<00:08:09.740> we<00:08:09.980> always<00:08:10.280> conduct<00:08:10.620> our<00:08:10.980> Stack<00:08:11.140> Overflow<00:08:11.320> Developer<00:08:11.800> Survey<00:08:12.120> every<00:08:12.540> year<00:08:12.700> and<00:08:12.950> we<00:08:13.500> reach<00:08:13.640> out<00:08:13.800> to<00:08:13.860> call<00:08:14.080> it<00:08:14.220> 60,000<00:08:14.620> to<00:08:14.621> 100,000<00:08:14.920> people<00:08:15.280> a<00:08:16.100> year<00:08:16.101> who<00:08:16.320> respond.

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Last<00:08:17.380> year,<00:08:18.560> the<00:08:19.620> inclination<00:08:20.300> for<00:08:20.600> people<00:08:20.840> to<00:08:21.120> use<00:08:21.600> AI<00:08:21.960> tools<00:08:22.540> was<00:08:23.340> about<00:08:23.820> 70%<00:08:24.460> of<00:08:24.660> our<00:08:24.880> community<00:08:25.160> was<00:08:25.380> like,<00:08:25.700> hey,<00:08:25.701> I'm<00:08:25.780> really<00:08:26.020> interested<00:08:26.260> in<00:08:26.380> using<00:08:26.560> it<00:08:26.760> or<00:08:26.800> I<00:08:26.940> plan<00:08:27.120> on<00:08:27.240> using<00:08:27.500> it<00:08:27.740> or<00:08:27.760> I'm<00:08:27.920> already<00:08:28.180> using<00:08:28.200> it.

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That<00:08:29.047> was<00:08:29.095> 70%.

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That<00:08:29.882> number<00:08:30.107> went<00:08:30.268> to<00:08:30.348> 77%<00:08:30.990> this<00:08:31.697> year<00:08:31.858> in<00:08:31.970> our<00:08:32.035> survey<00:08:32.420> that<00:08:32.581> we<00:08:32.677> just<00:08:33.079> concluded.

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The<00:08:35.392> trust<00:08:35.874> element<00:08:36.516> of<00:08:37.737> how<00:08:38.058> much<00:08:38.524> people<00:08:38.765> trusted<00:08:39.648> what<00:08:39.729> was<00:08:39.889> coming<00:08:40.146> out<00:08:40.323> of<00:08:40.451> the<00:08:40.548> AI<00:08:40.708> tools<00:08:41.496> was<00:08:41.608> around<00:08:41.897> 40%<00:08:42.941> last<00:08:43.262> year<00:08:44.001> and<00:08:44.146> was<00:08:44.307> exactly<00:08:44.949> the<00:08:44.981> same<00:08:45.286> percentage<00:08:45.849> this<00:08:46.073> year,<00:08:46.234> 40%<00:08:46.748> a<00:08:46.812> year<00:08:47.053> later.

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So<00:08:47.840> that<00:08:48.017> hasn't<00:08:48.338> changed<00:08:48.965> either,<00:08:49.688> right?

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Which<00:08:50.105> is<00:08:50.169> like<00:08:50.426> there's<00:08:51.133> high<00:08:51.310> inclination<00:08:51.792> to<00:08:51.952> plan<00:08:52.338> on<00:08:52.499> using<00:08:52.820> it,<00:08:53.302> but<00:08:53.478> the<00:08:53.639> inclination<00:08:54.121> to<00:08:54.266> trust<00:08:54.506> the<00:08:54.603> tools<00:08:55.069> were<00:08:55.165> actually<00:08:55.486> not<00:08:56.289> very<00:08:56.996> was<00:08:57.093> not<00:08:57.189> very<00:08:57.398> high,<00:08:57.559> and<00:08:57.655> primarily<00:08:58.057> because<00:08:58.458> people<00:08:58.635> are<00:08:58.699> concerned<00:08:59.021> about<00:08:59.262> accuracy.

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They<00:09:00.563> don't<00:09:00.708> know<00:09:00.869> where<00:09:01.029> this<00:09:01.190> information<00:09:01.736> came<00:09:02.074> from.

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It's<00:09:02.411> a<00:09:02.556> black<00:09:02.941> box.

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It's<00:09:03.520> not<00:09:03.761> citing<00:09:04.243> any<00:09:04.404> of<00:09:04.548> the<00:09:04.645> original<00:09:04.982> sources.

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Who<00:09:06.428> knows?

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You<00:09:07.216> know,<00:09:07.441> all<00:09:07.537> those<00:09:07.778> things<00:09:08.581> are<00:09:08.822> obviously<00:09:09.545> concerning<00:09:10.172> when<00:09:10.252> you<00:09:10.301> think<00:09:10.590> about<00:09:11.618> rolling<00:09:12.100> applications<00:09:12.679> into<00:09:13.080> your<00:09:13.321> bank<00:09:13.579> or<00:09:13.723> any<00:09:13.964> other<00:09:14.205> organization<00:09:14.639> that<00:09:14.687> you're<00:09:15.009> part<00:09:15.185> of.

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But<00:09:16.278> the<00:09:16.374> bigger<00:09:16.937> thing<00:09:17.178> that<00:09:17.499> I<00:09:17.580> thought<00:09:17.740> was<00:09:17.965> quite<00:09:18.383> interesting<00:09:18.945> is<00:09:19.090> that<00:09:19.347> the<00:09:20.006> enthusiasm<00:09:20.873> with<00:09:21.179> AI<00:09:21.436> actually<00:09:21.998> dropped<00:09:23.267> a<00:09:23.347> few<00:09:23.508> percent<00:09:23.829> last<00:09:24.150> year.

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It<00:09:24.406> was<00:09:24.503> about<00:09:24.824> 77.

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There<00:09:27.038> was<00:09:27.134> another<00:09:27.616> metric<00:09:27.937> that<00:09:28.017> we<00:09:28.178> tracked<00:09:28.739> and<00:09:28.820> that<00:09:29.060> dropped<00:09:29.301> by<00:09:29.381> about<00:09:29.638> 7<00:09:30.007> percentage<00:09:30.408> points.

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It<00:09:30.729> was<00:09:30.825> pretty<00:09:31.050> high<00:09:31.772> and<00:09:31.853> it<00:09:31.885> was<00:09:31.965> still<00:09:32.173> a<00:09:32.527> meaningful<00:09:33.056> drop.

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And<00:09:33.473> primarily<00:09:33.875> because<00:09:34.099> I<00:09:34.115> think<00:09:34.276> people<00:09:34.516> have<00:09:34.677> begun<00:09:34.998> to<00:09:35.078> realize<00:09:35.704> the<00:09:36.346> realities<00:09:37.261> of<00:09:37.469> rolling<00:09:37.870> out<00:09:38.288> AI<00:09:38.849> into,<00:09:39.331> let's<00:09:39.604> say,<00:09:39.732> a<00:09:39.876> company,<00:09:40.358> right?

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So<00:09:41.481> all<00:09:41.513> the<00:09:41.658> points<00:09:41.882> I<00:09:41.898> just<00:09:42.059> mentioned,<00:09:42.380> trust<00:09:42.781> and<00:09:42.925> accuracy<00:09:43.728> and<00:09:44.306> who's<00:09:44.562> gonna<00:09:44.771> create<00:09:45.028> the<00:09:45.108> knowledge<00:09:45.429> if<00:09:45.573> humans<00:09:45.894> don't<00:09:46.071> create<00:09:46.456> it<00:09:46.633> and<00:09:46.793> who's<00:09:47.018> contributing<00:09:47.515> to<00:09:47.660> the<00:09:48.382> accuracy<00:09:48.799> of<00:09:48.863> these<00:09:49.040> models.

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And<00:09:51.382> so<00:09:51.591> effectively,<00:09:52.184> some<00:09:52.505> of<00:09:52.569> the<00:09:52.650> shine<00:09:52.971> has<00:09:53.195> come<00:09:53.372> off<00:09:53.757> of<00:09:54.960> the<00:09:55.056> topic<00:09:56.003> as<00:09:56.179> people<00:09:56.420> go<00:09:56.516> through<00:09:56.725> the<00:09:56.805> hype<00:09:56.981> cycle,<00:09:58.265> but<00:09:58.441> there<00:09:58.666> is<00:09:59.227> certainly<00:09:59.548> still,<00:09:59.789> I<00:09:59.869> think,<00:10:00.110> interest<00:10:00.591> and<00:10:00.816> movement,<00:10:01.474> forward<00:10:01.778> movement<00:10:02.035> on<00:10:02.115> the<00:10:02.260> topic.

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So<00:10:03.319> where<00:10:03.479> we<00:10:03.704> are<00:10:03.896> in<00:10:04.024> summary<00:10:04.602> is<00:10:04.682> that<00:10:04.859> I<00:10:04.923> think<00:10:05.083> people<00:10:05.324> have<00:10:05.484> realized<00:10:06.030> that<00:10:06.832> you<00:10:06.928> want<00:10:07.137> to<00:10:07.233> have<00:10:07.795> humans<00:10:08.132> in<00:10:08.212> the<00:10:08.356> loop<00:10:09.335> for<00:10:09.495> the<00:10:09.576> foreseeable<00:10:10.137> future<00:10:11.019> to<00:10:11.164> make<00:10:11.340> sure<00:10:11.741> that<00:10:12.544> you<00:10:12.848> are<00:10:13.426> not<00:10:13.667> only<00:10:14.148> attributing<00:10:14.774> and<00:10:14.950> you're<00:10:15.094> able<00:10:15.271> to<00:10:15.415> trust<00:10:15.752> the<00:10:15.832> information<00:10:16.314> that's<00:10:16.538> in<00:10:16.635> there,<00:10:16.795> but<00:10:16.939> you're<00:10:17.020> also<00:10:17.276> creating<00:10:17.597> mechanisms<00:10:18.159> and<00:10:18.319> incentives<00:10:19.346> for<00:10:19.443> people<00:10:19.684> to<00:10:19.829> contribute<00:10:20.327> new<00:10:20.423> knowledge<00:10:20.889> so<00:10:21.114> these<00:10:21.291> models<00:10:21.677> can<00:10:21.774> train<00:10:22.159> off<00:10:22.336> of<00:10:22.497> new<00:10:22.658> information.

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And<00:10:23.783> these<00:10:23.944> models<00:10:24.490> are<00:10:24.651> absolutely—<00:10:25.872> they<00:10:26.033> absolutely<00:10:26.435> require<00:10:27.239> new<00:10:27.399> information<00:10:27.962> and<00:10:28.268> real-time<00:10:28.671> information<00:10:30.779> to<00:10:30.924> keep<00:10:31.101> it<00:10:31.182> up<00:10:31.278> to<00:10:31.407> date.

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Then<00:10:32.051> ultimately,<00:10:33.114> the<00:10:33.275> AIs<00:10:33.597> don't<00:10:33.838> really<00:10:34.063> have<00:10:34.257> all<00:10:34.402> the<00:10:34.546> answers<00:10:34.965> for<00:10:35.110> all<00:10:35.271> the<00:10:35.351> questions.

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Either<00:10:36.092> they<00:10:36.188> just<00:10:36.414> don't<00:10:36.575> know<00:10:36.736> the<00:10:36.897> answer<00:10:37.283> or<00:10:37.444> they<00:10:37.605> hit<00:10:37.670> a<00:10:37.734> complexity<00:10:38.268> cliff<00:10:38.527> very<00:10:38.997> quickly.

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They're<00:10:40.599> great<00:10:40.858> for<00:10:41.084> early<00:10:41.424> drafts<00:10:41.974> and<00:10:42.072> those<00:10:42.298> sort<00:10:42.395> of<00:10:42.541> things,<00:10:42.784> but<00:10:42.881> like,<00:10:43.123> you<00:10:43.204> know,<00:10:43.852> certainly<00:10:44.159> it's<00:10:44.321> a<00:10:44.337> cliff.

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And<00:10:45.347> at<00:10:45.443> that<00:10:45.524> point,<00:10:46.069> we<00:10:46.246> don't<00:10:46.486> want<00:10:46.647> to<00:10:46.968> lose<00:10:47.225> the<00:10:47.433> user,<00:10:47.674> as<00:10:47.851> in<00:10:47.931> like<00:10:48.091> these<00:10:48.252> AI<00:10:48.492> tools.

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So<00:10:49.536> why<00:10:49.696> don't<00:10:49.857> you<00:10:50.001> leverage<00:10:50.482> a<00:10:50.579> community<00:10:51.060> like<00:10:51.221> Stack<00:10:51.606> Overflow<00:10:51.879> to<00:10:51.943> complete<00:10:52.504> that<00:10:52.986> workflow?

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And<00:10:54.109> so<00:10:54.254> people<00:10:54.494> are,<00:10:54.671> you<00:10:54.831> know,<00:10:54.992> that's<00:10:55.217> why<00:10:55.393> we're,<00:10:55.554> that's<00:10:55.794> how<00:10:55.955> we're<00:10:56.131> engaging<00:10:56.581> with<00:10:56.741> companies,<00:10:57.158> you<00:10:57.239> know,<00:10:57.399> what<00:10:57.560> we're<00:10:57.704> calling<00:10:58.121> knowledge<00:10:58.378> as<00:10:58.523> a<00:10:58.587> service<00:10:59.068> to<00:10:59.630> continue<00:11:00.031> to<00:11:00.143> keep<00:11:00.432> that<00:11:00.689> loop<00:11:00.930> going.

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So<00:11:01.315> the<00:11:01.491> user<00:11:01.893> always<00:11:02.294> gets<00:11:02.535> what<00:11:02.759> they<00:11:02.840> want<00:11:03.096> and<00:11:03.177> get<00:11:03.401> back<00:11:03.514> into<00:11:03.722> that<00:11:03.818> flow.

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That's<00:11:06.065> where<00:11:06.290> we<00:11:06.466> operate<00:11:07.088> as<00:11:07.108> part<00:11:07.237> of<00:11:07.269> the<00:11:07.349> AI<00:11:07.494> ecosystem.

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How<00:11:08.633> often<00:11:08.890> are<00:11:09.098> you<00:11:09.339> using<00:11:09.820> AI<00:11:10.222> tools<00:11:10.559> just<00:11:10.864> personally?

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You<00:11:12.660> know,<00:11:13.429> I<00:11:13.846> don't<00:11:14.151> code<00:11:14.728> that,<00:11:15.593> you<00:11:15.625> know,<00:11:15.914> anymore<00:11:16.812> as<00:11:17.068> much,<00:11:17.357> you<00:11:17.389> know,<00:11:17.453> or<00:11:17.533> very<00:11:18.495> much<00:11:18.671> at<00:11:18.799> all.

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But<00:11:20.723> I<00:11:20.819> do<00:11:21.204> obviously<00:11:23.063> use<00:11:23.368> a<00:11:23.448> lot,<00:11:23.625> I<00:11:23.849> test<00:11:24.105> a<00:11:24.170> lot<00:11:24.330> of<00:11:24.426> things<00:11:24.666> on<00:11:24.811> my<00:11:24.907> own,<00:11:25.131> including<00:11:25.452> our<00:11:25.548> own<00:11:25.708> products.

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And<00:11:26.430> we<00:11:26.574> have,<00:11:26.734> for<00:11:26.799> example,<00:11:27.087> Stack<00:11:27.247> Overflow<00:11:27.472> for<00:11:27.712> Teams<00:11:28.033> inside<00:11:28.370> our<00:11:28.434> company.

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So<00:11:28.979> I<00:11:29.139> use<00:11:29.299> that<00:11:29.476> quite<00:11:29.780> extensively.

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It's<00:11:31.191> got<00:11:31.463> great<00:11:31.704> semantic<00:11:32.217> search<00:11:32.666> functionality,<00:11:33.323> which<00:11:33.467> we've<00:11:33.627> now<00:11:33.884> launched<00:11:34.124> with<00:11:34.285> our<00:11:34.365> customers<00:11:34.846> in<00:11:34.910> our<00:11:35.150> Overflow<00:11:35.647> AI<00:11:35.968> module<00:11:36.449> that<00:11:36.673> now<00:11:36.769> customers<00:11:37.234> leverage.

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So<00:11:38.116> to<00:11:38.197> find<00:11:38.550> information<00:11:39.095> inside<00:11:39.529> our<00:11:39.593> company,<00:11:40.058> to<00:11:40.283> onboard<00:11:40.620> new<00:11:40.781> people<00:11:41.005> inside<00:11:41.262> a<00:11:41.407> company,<00:11:41.985> I<00:11:42.129> use<00:11:42.290> that<00:11:42.450> all<00:11:42.546> the<00:11:42.627> time<00:11:43.108> to<00:11:43.188> respond<00:11:43.461> to<00:11:43.509> questions,<00:11:44.713> automatically<00:11:45.131> find<00:11:45.516> things<00:11:45.676> within<00:11:45.997> our<00:11:46.061> own<00:11:46.238> company.

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And<00:11:47.763> then<00:11:47.859> that's<00:11:48.405> within<00:11:48.646> Stack<00:11:49.031> Overflow.

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But<00:11:49.432> outside,<00:11:49.849> just<00:11:50.074> in<00:11:50.171> my<00:11:50.331> own,<00:11:50.877> I<00:11:50.893> would<00:11:50.973> say<00:11:51.134> my<00:11:51.294> personal<00:11:51.695> time,<00:11:52.482> I<00:11:52.562> have<00:11:52.658> found<00:11:53.140> things<00:11:53.365> like<00:11:53.926> open<00:11:54.119> source<00:11:54.809> AI<00:11:54.986> tools<00:11:55.307> to<00:11:55.387> be<00:11:55.548> quite<00:11:56.029> interesting.

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So<00:11:56.896> for<00:11:56.976> example,<00:11:58.758> Meta's<00:11:59.303> Llama<00:12:00.042> 3.1<00:12:00.523> as<00:12:00.668> an<00:12:00.764> example,<00:12:02.128> good<00:12:03.236> example<00:12:03.717> of<00:12:03.750> something.

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And<00:12:04.520> the<00:12:04.761> moment<00:12:05.001> that<00:12:05.162> it<00:12:05.258> was<00:12:05.419> launched,<00:12:05.836> it<00:12:05.900> was<00:12:06.141> the<00:12:06.270> The<00:12:06.302> way<00:12:06.527> they<00:12:06.687> distributed<00:12:07.185> it,<00:12:07.410> I<00:12:07.426> thought<00:12:07.587> was<00:12:07.748> very<00:12:07.908> clever<00:12:08.872> in<00:12:09.033> WhatsApp<00:12:09.595> because<00:12:09.900> I<00:12:09.997> use<00:12:10.222> WhatsApp<00:12:10.720> with<00:12:11.041> my<00:12:11.202> family<00:12:11.587> all<00:12:11.620> around<00:12:11.764> the<00:12:11.909> world<00:12:12.166> as<00:12:12.262> an<00:12:12.343> example.

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And<00:12:13.371> for<00:12:13.515> me<00:12:13.612> to<00:12:13.708> be<00:12:13.917> able<00:12:14.046> to<00:12:14.094> just<00:12:14.254> engage<00:12:14.592> in<00:12:14.736> that<00:12:14.897> form<00:12:15.202> factor,<00:12:15.620> similar<00:12:15.877> to<00:12:15.941> my<00:12:16.166> earlier<00:12:16.488> point,<00:12:17.227> we<00:12:17.371> want<00:12:17.516> to<00:12:17.564> be<00:12:17.709> wherever<00:12:18.014> the<00:12:18.094> developer<00:12:18.512> is.

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In<00:12:19.074> this<00:12:19.315> case,<00:12:20.022> I'm<00:12:20.344> an<00:12:21.067> average<00:12:21.324> user<00:12:22.272> on<00:12:22.850> WhatsApp<00:12:23.493> and<00:12:23.589> I'm<00:12:23.734> able<00:12:23.975> to<00:12:24.457> leverage<00:12:25.099> the—<00:12:25.420> I'm<00:12:25.967> able<00:12:26.127> to<00:12:26.160> engage<00:12:26.609> with<00:12:27.011> an<00:12:27.429> open<00:12:27.766> source<00:12:28.055> AI<00:12:28.232> model.

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And<00:12:29.196> I<00:12:29.276> thought<00:12:29.437> that<00:12:29.839> it's<00:12:29.919> very<00:12:30.144> clever.

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So<00:12:30.401> I<00:12:30.546> use<00:12:30.706> that<00:12:30.883> quite<00:12:31.140> a<00:12:31.204> bit.

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I<00:12:31.461> mean,<00:12:31.606> just<00:12:31.911> mostly<00:12:32.329> to—<00:12:33.293> various<00:12:33.774> things,<00:12:34.015> you<00:12:34.096> know,<00:12:34.401> it<00:12:34.738> could<00:12:34.898> be<00:12:35.043> as<00:12:35.075> simple<00:12:35.396> as<00:12:35.541> me<00:12:36.022> educating<00:12:36.504> my<00:12:36.665> parents<00:12:37.066> about<00:12:37.451> XYZ<00:12:37.933> topic<00:12:38.897> and<00:12:39.073> giving<00:12:39.298> them<00:12:39.394> a<00:12:39.410> summarized,<00:12:40.020> easy-to-understand<00:12:40.823> way.

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It<00:12:41.466> could<00:12:41.642> be,<00:12:42.349> you<00:12:42.381> know,<00:12:42.606> interpret,<00:12:43.248> you<00:12:43.810> know,<00:12:44.452> create<00:12:44.837> it<00:12:44.934> in<00:12:45.078> the<00:12:45.159> form<00:12:45.496> of<00:12:45.640> an<00:12:46.122> ancient<00:12:46.459> poet<00:12:46.925> who<00:12:47.005> has<00:12:47.198> a<00:12:47.262> very<00:12:47.423> specific<00:12:47.985> style<00:12:48.466> of<00:12:48.868> speaking<00:12:49.446> and<00:12:49.590> like,<00:12:49.751> how<00:12:49.911> can—<00:12:50.297> so<00:12:50.393> those<00:12:50.634> sort<00:12:50.794> of<00:12:50.939> use<00:12:51.180> cases,<00:12:51.983> nothing<00:12:52.320> mission<00:12:52.721> critical<00:12:53.460> from<00:12:53.701> a<00:12:53.845> personal<00:12:54.247> standpoint<00:12:54.889> because<00:12:55.114> I<00:12:55.130> think<00:12:55.595> we<00:12:55.676> still<00:12:55.836> have<00:12:55.949> a<00:12:56.077> long<00:12:56.254> way<00:12:56.334> to<00:12:56.478> go<00:12:56.639> to<00:12:56.816> do<00:12:57.538> things<00:12:57.843> like,<00:12:58.020> you<00:12:58.100> know,<00:12:58.534> complete<00:12:58.982> the<00:12:59.062> task<00:12:59.527> of<00:12:59.783> all<00:13:00.008> the<00:13:00.184> things<00:13:00.344> that<00:13:00.504> people<00:13:00.745> have<00:13:00.889> talked<00:13:01.129> about,<00:13:01.930> go<00:13:02.106> and<00:13:02.427> book<00:13:02.651> my<00:13:02.747> vacation<00:13:03.709> and<00:13:03.805> XYZ.

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I<00:13:04.510> think<00:13:04.670> that's<00:13:04.894> all<00:13:05.070> a<00:13:05.231> little<00:13:06.272> bit<00:13:06.448> away.

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But<00:13:07.474> yes,<00:13:07.794> internally<00:13:08.499> enterprise,<00:13:09.140> I<00:13:09.220> use<00:13:09.396> it<00:13:09.476> for<00:13:09.620> search,<00:13:10.758> finding<00:13:11.094> information,<00:13:12.520> making<00:13:12.841> sure<00:13:13.161> that<00:13:13.321> we're<00:13:13.562> automatically<00:13:13.962> capturing<00:13:14.587> knowledge<00:13:14.908> inside<00:13:15.148> a<00:13:15.164> company.

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I<00:13:15.644> use<00:13:15.805> that<00:13:15.949> heavily.

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And<00:13:16.430> then<00:13:16.750> on<00:13:16.782> my<00:13:16.926> personal<00:13:17.327> side,<00:13:17.711> it's<00:13:18.769> the<00:13:18.849> search<00:13:19.394> equivalent<00:13:21.092> on<00:13:21.332> open<00:13:21.508> source<00:13:21.797> tools.

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Zuckerberg<00:13:22.918> has<00:13:23.014> really<00:13:23.335> become<00:13:23.719> like<00:13:24.200> a<00:13:24.360> hero<00:13:25.033> for<00:13:25.337> developers,<00:13:26.139> like<00:13:26.523> open<00:13:26.779> sourcing<00:13:27.324> AI.

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Versus<00:13:29.168> OpenAI,<00:13:29.827> which,<00:13:30.228> you<00:13:30.308> know,<00:13:30.694> given<00:13:30.935> the<00:13:30.967> name,<00:13:31.272> you<00:13:31.416> would<00:13:31.513> think<00:13:31.769> it<00:13:31.834> was<00:13:32.058> open.

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It's<00:13:32.460> actually<00:13:32.781> closed<00:13:33.038> source.

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Do<00:13:34.049> you<00:13:34.226> have<00:13:34.306> any<00:13:34.403> opinion<00:13:34.868> on<00:13:35.751> open<00:13:36.008> versus<00:13:36.329> closed?

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Obviously<00:13:37.132> there's<00:13:37.277> always<00:13:37.453> going<00:13:37.598> to<00:13:37.678> be<00:13:37.774> both,<00:13:38.256> but<00:13:38.497> do<00:13:38.545> you<00:13:38.641> have<00:13:38.754> opinion<00:13:39.203> on<00:13:39.300> like<00:13:39.460> which<00:13:39.685> one<00:13:39.830> would<00:13:39.942> be<00:13:41.146> better<00:13:41.467> for<00:13:41.628> developers<00:13:42.912> to<00:13:43.073> work<00:13:43.314> on?

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Yeah,<00:13:44.582> I<00:13:44.679> mean,<00:13:45.257> I'll<00:13:45.738> mention<00:13:46.027> one<00:13:46.124> thing<00:13:46.268> about,<00:13:46.669> about<00:13:47.023> Zuck.

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I<00:13:47.906> don't<00:13:48.115> know<00:13:48.275> him,<00:13:48.532> but,<00:13:48.757> you<00:13:48.837> know,<00:13:48.998> just<00:13:49.174> watching<00:13:49.560> from<00:13:49.720> outside,<00:13:50.523> I<00:13:50.684> would<00:13:50.764> just<00:13:50.973> say<00:13:51.101> it's<00:13:51.326> a<00:13:51.406> masterclass<00:13:52.530> in,<00:13:52.931> you<00:13:52.963> know,<00:13:53.108> rebranding.

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Both<00:13:55.280> yourself<00:13:56.140> as<00:13:56.360> an<00:13:56.520> individual<00:13:56.960> as<00:13:57.180> well<00:13:57.460> as<00:13:58.000> the<00:13:58.380> company,<00:13:58.940> I<00:13:58.941> think<00:13:59.140> it's<00:13:59.460> just<00:13:59.860> absolutely<00:13:59.861> phenomenal<00:14:00.440> what<00:14:01.080> I've<00:14:02.080> observed<00:14:02.540> over<00:14:02.820> the<00:14:02.821> past<00:14:03.060> several<00:14:03.480> years,<00:14:03.880> right?

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And<00:14:04.260> the<00:14:04.380> fact<00:14:04.600> that<00:14:04.740> they<00:14:04.960> are<00:14:05.080> now<00:14:05.340> the<00:14:05.500> champions<00:14:05.920> of<00:14:06.180> open<00:14:06.360> source,<00:14:06.720> especially<00:14:07.140> in<00:14:07.300> the<00:14:07.460> AI<00:14:07.740> world,<00:14:08.140> which<00:14:08.220> is<00:14:08.320> like<00:14:08.500> the<00:14:09.400> most,<00:14:09.820> the<00:14:10.560> kind<00:14:10.561> of<00:14:10.680> the<00:14:10.720> biggest<00:14:10.900> technology<00:14:11.400> movement<00:14:11.700> of<00:14:11.840> our<00:14:12.160> time,<00:14:13.400> is<00:14:13.740> just<00:14:14.080> absolutely,<00:14:15.600> it<00:14:16.280> is<00:14:17.560> phenomenal<00:14:18.060> to<00:14:18.520> see.

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So<00:14:19.640> in<00:14:19.740> terms<00:14:19.980> of<00:14:20.100> open<00:14:20.320> source<00:14:20.460> versus<00:14:20.720> closed<00:14:20.980> source,<00:14:21.200> I<00:14:21.201> mean,<00:14:21.360> given<00:14:21.620> who<00:14:21.820> we<00:14:22.100> are,<00:14:22.240> we're<00:14:22.440> huge,<00:14:22.760> huge<00:14:22.980> believers<00:14:23.500> in<00:14:23.900> open<00:14:24.100> source.

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Of<00:14:24.140> course,<00:14:24.160> we<00:14:24.180> want<00:14:24.200> to<00:14:24.220> make<00:14:24.240> sure<00:14:24.260> that<00:14:26.020> people<00:14:26.500> have<00:14:27.020> access<00:14:27.400> to<00:14:28.060> information,<00:14:28.420> including,<00:14:28.820> by<00:14:29.020> the<00:14:29.140> way,<00:14:29.280> even<00:14:29.320> in<00:14:29.520> our<00:14:29.760> Overflow<00:14:30.220> API<00:14:30.760> program<00:14:31.140> where<00:14:31.380> we're<00:14:31.680> actually<00:14:32.120> licensing<00:14:32.520> our<00:14:32.900> data<00:14:33.160> to<00:14:33.480> these<00:14:33.740> big<00:14:34.020> AI<00:14:34.280> providers<00:14:34.680> like<00:14:35.060> OpenAI<00:14:35.640> and<00:14:36.300> Google<00:14:36.800> Gemini,<00:14:37.380> et<00:14:37.480> cetera,<00:14:38.120> the<00:14:38.660> data<00:14:39.020> that<00:14:39.220> we<00:14:39.320> have<00:14:39.900> for<00:14:40.200> our<00:14:40.480> average<00:14:40.820> community<00:14:41.240> user<00:14:41.460> is<00:14:41.740> always<00:14:42.040> open<00:14:42.399> and<00:14:42.560> accessible<00:14:42.940> and<00:14:43.140> free,<00:14:43.520> and<00:14:43.620> they<00:14:43.800> can<00:14:43.940> use<00:14:44.080> it<00:14:44.400> for<00:14:44.401> all<00:14:44.800> those<00:14:44.920> things.

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We<00:14:45.420> obviously<00:14:46.020> engage<00:14:46.400> with<00:14:46.620> these<00:14:46.820> companies<00:14:47.140> in<00:14:47.360> commercial<00:14:47.740> contexts<00:14:48.390> because<00:14:48.840> of<00:14:49.000> the<00:14:49.180> integrations<00:14:49.760> that<00:14:49.920> I<00:14:49.980> was<00:14:50.060> mentioning<00:14:50.340> previously.

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So<00:14:51.920> I'm<00:14:52.200> generally,<00:14:52.920> and<00:14:53.000> our<00:14:53.120> company<00:14:53.380> generally,<00:14:54.060> and<00:14:54.260> our<00:14:54.440> community<00:14:54.680> generally<00:14:55.060> is<00:14:55.240> very<00:14:55.580> much<00:14:56.000> open<00:14:56.020> source.

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So<00:14:56.060> that's<00:14:56.080> like<00:14:56.100> first<00:14:56.120> point.

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Second<00:14:58.352> point,<00:14:58.817> I<00:14:58.913> think,<00:14:59.218> is<00:14:59.795> it's<00:14:59.939> becoming<00:15:00.276> very<00:15:00.661> obvious<00:15:01.158> that<00:15:02.200> the<00:15:02.424> LLM<00:15:02.825> wars<00:15:03.803> that<00:15:03.947> are<00:15:04.027> underway,<00:15:04.909> closed<00:15:05.165> source<00:15:05.422> or<00:15:05.566> open<00:15:05.790> source,<00:15:06.143> it's<00:15:06.351> all<00:15:06.608> headed<00:15:06.848> in<00:15:06.993> one<00:15:07.089> direction,<00:15:07.570> meaning<00:15:08.211> they<00:15:08.355> all<00:15:08.435> want<00:15:08.612> access<00:15:08.932> to<00:15:09.076> all<00:15:09.173> the<00:15:09.317> latest<00:15:09.589> data.

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So<00:15:10.199> data<00:15:10.535> is<00:15:10.840> absolutely<00:15:11.321> a<00:15:11.417> premium.

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High<00:15:12.122> quality<00:15:12.619> data,<00:15:13.357> especially<00:15:13.982> like<00:15:14.382> sources<00:15:14.783> like<00:15:14.944> Stack<00:15:15.248> Overflow,<00:15:15.569> which<00:15:15.729> are<00:15:15.809> one<00:15:15.921> of<00:15:15.985> the<00:15:16.066> few<00:15:16.370> places<00:15:16.787> where<00:15:17.027> these<00:15:17.332> LLM<00:15:17.669> models<00:15:17.925> are<00:15:18.053> training<00:15:18.390> from,<00:15:19.031> are<00:15:19.175> absolutely<00:15:19.897> important.

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So<00:15:21.596> that<00:15:21.820> is<00:15:21.997> one.

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That<00:15:23.279> over<00:15:23.520> time,<00:15:24.225> you<00:15:24.321> can<00:15:24.465> imagine<00:15:25.026> that<00:15:25.139> it's<00:15:25.283> an<00:15:25.379> expensive<00:15:25.844> proposition<00:15:26.565> because<00:15:26.950> of<00:15:27.447> the<00:15:27.591> cost<00:15:27.848> of<00:15:28.008> chips,<00:15:28.569> the<00:15:28.713> cost<00:15:28.970> of<00:15:29.050> infrastructure,<00:15:29.691> the<00:15:29.723> cost<00:15:29.820> cost<00:15:29.996> of<00:15:30.076> energy,<00:15:30.637> all<00:15:30.733> the<00:15:30.877> things<00:15:31.037> that<00:15:31.294> we've<00:15:31.454> heard<00:15:31.694> about.

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And<00:15:32.639> that<00:15:33.216> invariably,<00:15:33.777> that<00:15:34.081> cost<00:15:34.322> is<00:15:34.658> currently,<00:15:35.203> that<00:15:35.363> cost<00:15:35.540> is<00:15:35.620> being<00:15:35.780> passed<00:15:36.164> on<00:15:36.421> to<00:15:36.805> users<00:15:37.222> and<00:15:37.366> customers<00:15:38.087> through<00:15:38.263> your<00:15:38.392> $100<00:15:39.305> per<00:15:39.385> month<00:15:39.769> or<00:15:39.866> whatever<00:15:40.571> the<00:15:40.651> charge<00:15:41.003> is,<00:15:41.548> you<00:15:41.628> know,<00:15:41.788> for<00:15:41.949> any<00:15:42.173> of<00:15:42.253> these<00:15:42.589> combination<00:15:43.054> of<00:15:43.134> AI<00:15:43.375> tools.

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At<00:15:44.817> some<00:15:45.153> point,<00:15:45.377> that<00:15:45.634> cost<00:15:45.890> is<00:15:46.018> going<00:15:46.130> to<00:15:46.195> go<00:15:46.355> down.

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History<00:15:47.156> just<00:15:47.380> suggests<00:15:47.797> that<00:15:47.957> it's<00:15:48.117> going<00:15:48.277> to<00:15:48.358> go<00:15:48.518> down.

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And<00:15:49.543> I<00:15:49.639> think<00:15:49.800> there<00:15:50.040> will<00:15:50.280> be<00:15:50.905> a<00:15:51.081> commoditization<00:15:52.443> of<00:15:52.523> things<00:15:52.844> like<00:15:53.260> search<00:15:53.869> functionality.

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Like<00:15:54.686> GenAI<00:15:55.103> allows<00:15:55.407> everybody<00:15:55.680> to<00:15:55.744> have<00:15:55.888> search<00:15:56.193> functionality,<00:15:56.753> which<00:15:56.930> is<00:15:57.010> like,<00:15:57.234> you<00:15:57.266> know,<00:15:57.410> interesting,<00:15:57.891> right?

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So<00:15:58.596> I<00:15:58.677> think<00:15:58.789> it's<00:15:58.933> going<00:15:59.078> to<00:15:59.110> be<00:15:59.254> hard<00:15:59.735> to<00:16:00.842> not<00:16:01.179> have<00:16:01.660> cost<00:16:02.045> pressure<00:16:02.606> for<00:16:02.847> these<00:16:03.087> things<00:16:03.344> while<00:16:03.505> they're<00:16:03.665> expensive<00:16:04.066> for<00:16:04.210> that<00:16:04.531> cost<00:16:04.772> to<00:16:04.932> go<00:16:05.108> down.

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And<00:16:06.071> hence,<00:16:06.696> I'm<00:16:07.819> quite<00:16:09.584> bullish<00:16:10.145> on<00:16:10.402> the<00:16:10.883> open<00:16:11.123> source<00:16:11.444> ecosystem<00:16:12.166> for<00:16:12.246> AI,<00:16:12.583> because<00:16:12.888> especially<00:16:13.449> with<00:16:13.674> Llama<00:16:14.813> and<00:16:15.117> Meta's<00:16:15.615> move,<00:16:15.935> I<00:16:16.080> think<00:16:16.256> it's<00:16:16.417> again<00:16:17.042> a<00:16:18.021> masterclass<00:16:18.903> chess<00:16:19.207> move<00:16:19.256> to<00:16:19.528> be<00:16:19.608> able<00:16:19.753> to<00:16:19.977> do<00:16:20.025> that,<00:16:20.186> because<00:16:20.282> they're<00:16:20.587> probably<00:16:20.811> one<00:16:20.876> of<00:16:20.908> the<00:16:20.988> few<00:16:21.212> companies<00:16:21.629> who<00:16:21.774> can<00:16:21.950> actually<00:16:22.913> do<00:16:22.993> what<00:16:23.153> they're<00:16:23.314> doing.

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Massive<00:16:24.051> amounts<00:16:24.356> of<00:16:24.436> compute,<00:16:24.982> massive<00:16:25.222> amounts<00:16:25.559> of<00:16:25.639> GPUs.

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Huge<00:16:27.190> amounts<00:16:27.490> of<00:16:28.230> data.

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And<00:16:29.011> for<00:16:29.450> that<00:16:29.630> to<00:16:29.790> sort<00:16:29.850> of<00:16:29.990> just<00:16:30.130> be<00:16:30.290> open<00:16:30.410> source,<00:16:30.830> it<00:16:30.850> sort<00:16:30.870> of<00:16:31.190> like<00:16:31.370> takes<00:16:31.550> the<00:16:31.690> rug<00:16:31.890> under—<00:16:32.650> out—<00:16:32.651> takes<00:16:32.870> the<00:16:33.050> rug<00:16:33.250> out<00:16:33.550> from,<00:16:33.830> uh,<00:16:35.090> from<00:16:35.130> all<00:16:35.310> the<00:16:35.430> other<00:16:35.590> folks<00:16:35.830> who<00:16:35.990> are<00:16:36.110> closed<00:16:36.310> source.

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So<00:16:36.750> yeah,<00:16:36.930> so<00:16:37.030> I<00:16:37.050> think<00:16:37.170> this<00:16:37.310> is<00:16:37.410> going<00:16:37.470> to<00:16:37.570> be<00:16:37.650> a<00:16:37.710> fascinating<00:16:38.010> thing<00:16:38.310> to<00:16:38.590> see.

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But<00:16:39.350> you<00:16:39.430> know,<00:16:39.550> I<00:16:39.610> can't,<00:16:39.810> I<00:16:39.890> can't<00:16:40.110> call—<00:16:40.530> I<00:16:40.570> don't<00:16:40.710> think<00:16:40.810> there's<00:16:40.990> a<00:16:41.030> victory<00:16:41.370> yet,<00:16:41.790> just<00:16:41.830> to<00:16:41.970> be<00:16:42.130> clear<00:16:42.490> what<00:16:42.750> I'm<00:16:42.890> saying.

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I<00:16:43.770> do<00:16:44.010> believe<00:16:44.250> it's<00:16:44.410> quite—<00:16:44.770> it's<00:16:44.890> going<00:16:44.970> to<00:16:45.070> be<00:16:45.090> fascinating<00:16:45.510> to<00:16:45.750> see<00:16:45.850> how,<00:16:46.770> you<00:16:47.010> know,<00:16:47.290> each<00:16:47.450> of<00:16:47.590> these,<00:16:48.030> uh,<00:16:49.130> iterate.

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There's<00:16:49.631> obviously<00:16:49.970> things<00:16:50.290> like<00:16:50.530> safety<00:16:51.050> and<00:16:51.450> privacy<00:16:53.207> And<00:16:53.383> which<00:16:53.559> is<00:16:53.704> a<00:16:53.848> better<00:16:54.361> model?

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Is<00:16:54.906> a<00:16:55.050> closed-source<00:16:55.611> model<00:16:55.867> better<00:16:56.188> for<00:16:56.428> safety<00:16:56.749> and<00:16:56.909> privacy,<00:16:57.454> even<00:16:58.175> national<00:16:58.576> security<00:16:59.153> to<00:16:59.249> a<00:16:59.313> degree,<00:17:00.355> versus<00:17:00.675> open<00:17:00.916> source?

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So<00:17:01.236> there's<00:17:01.461> all<00:17:01.637> sorts<00:17:01.957> of<00:17:02.182> pros<00:17:02.374> and<00:17:02.518> cons.

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On<00:17:03.720> the<00:17:03.849> margin,<00:17:04.426> given<00:17:04.666> who<00:17:04.762> we<00:17:04.987> are,<00:17:05.868> we<00:17:05.964> are<00:17:06.205> big<00:17:06.365> believers<00:17:06.701> in<00:17:06.862> open<00:17:07.070> source.

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What<00:17:08.048> does<00:17:08.224> a<00:17:08.352> typical<00:17:08.753> day<00:17:08.929> look<00:17:09.154> like<00:17:09.346> for<00:17:09.554> you<00:17:09.731> as<00:17:09.891> CEO<00:17:10.275> of<00:17:10.372> Stack<00:17:10.692> Overflow?

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You<00:17:12.455> know,<00:17:12.920> it's<00:17:13.721> one<00:17:13.833> of<00:17:13.898> the<00:17:14.042> joys<00:17:14.442> of<00:17:15.180> being<00:17:15.404> in<00:17:15.484> roles<00:17:15.741> like<00:17:16.221> these,<00:17:17.167> which<00:17:17.407> is,<00:17:17.664> you<00:17:17.760> know,<00:17:17.920> no<00:17:18.209> day<00:17:18.529> looks<00:17:18.770> the<00:17:18.850> same.

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I<00:17:19.363> mean,<00:17:19.844> it's<00:17:20.132> absolutely<00:17:20.629> dynamic.

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It<00:17:21.350> depends<00:17:21.815> on<00:17:23.245> what<00:17:23.568> the<00:17:23.794> most<00:17:24.132> important<00:17:24.633> and<00:17:24.778> the<00:17:24.923> most<00:17:25.246> urgent<00:17:25.584> thing<00:17:25.972> is,<00:17:26.391> right?

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It's<00:17:26.794> kind<00:17:26.972> of<00:17:27.020> like<00:17:27.182> that<00:17:27.520> 2x2<00:17:28.166> matrix.

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You<00:17:29.812> want<00:17:30.022> to<00:17:30.054> focus<00:17:30.441> on<00:17:30.522> the<00:17:30.603> most<00:17:30.861> important,<00:17:32.555> most<00:17:33.523> pressing<00:17:33.927> and<00:17:34.088> urgent<00:17:34.411> things.

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So,<00:17:36.267> there's<00:17:37.719> some<00:17:38.042> combination<00:17:38.914> of<00:17:39.140> thinking<00:17:39.429> strategically<00:17:40.056> about<00:17:40.361> the<00:17:40.441> future.

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That's<00:17:43.350> a<00:17:43.414> portion<00:17:43.800> of<00:17:43.832> my<00:17:43.993> day.

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It's<00:17:45.295> some<00:17:45.664> combination<00:17:46.307> of<00:17:46.468> making<00:17:46.725> sure<00:17:46.966> that<00:17:47.047> I'm<00:17:47.207> talking<00:17:47.465> to<00:17:47.593> customers,<00:17:49.450> definitely<00:17:50.028> on<00:17:50.124> a<00:17:50.188> daily<00:17:50.494> basis.

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On<00:17:51.618> average,<00:17:51.939> I<00:17:52.035> have<00:17:52.276> at<00:17:52.437> least<00:17:52.742> a<00:17:52.822> couple<00:17:53.047> of<00:17:53.079> customer<00:17:53.545> calls,<00:17:53.802> if<00:17:53.979> not<00:17:55.071> more,<00:17:55.970> a<00:17:56.051> day.

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And<00:17:57.400> certainly<00:17:58.139> internal<00:17:59.343> meetings<00:18:00.066> in<00:18:00.146> the<00:18:00.291> context<00:18:00.805> of<00:18:01.255> reviewing<00:18:01.977> and<00:18:02.234> driving<00:18:02.636> progress.

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Because,<00:18:03.423> you<00:18:03.455> know,<00:18:03.519> I<00:18:03.600> think<00:18:03.744> one<00:18:03.824> of<00:18:03.921> the<00:18:04.001> things<00:18:04.242> we<00:18:04.338> have<00:18:04.547> to<00:18:04.724> keep<00:18:05.286> moving<00:18:05.688> with<00:18:05.928> pace<00:18:06.314> and<00:18:06.491> with<00:18:06.587> a<00:18:06.651> sense<00:18:06.908> of<00:18:07.037> urgency<00:18:07.535> is<00:18:08.097> while<00:18:08.354> the<00:18:08.418> ecosystem<00:18:09.076> is<00:18:09.205> innovating,<00:18:09.687> are<00:18:09.783> we<00:18:09.944> innovating<00:18:10.426> at<00:18:10.490> an<00:18:10.586> equivalent<00:18:11.068> pace?

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So<00:18:11.935> I<00:18:12.032> think<00:18:12.257> it's<00:18:12.979> all<00:18:13.076> about<00:18:13.317> like,<00:18:13.477> are<00:18:13.558> we<00:18:13.702> driving<00:18:14.039> towards<00:18:14.345> our<00:18:14.441> goals?

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You<00:18:15.180> know,<00:18:15.565> all<00:18:15.645> the<00:18:15.790> usual<00:18:16.047> things<00:18:16.208> that<00:18:16.304> CEOs<00:18:16.786> do.

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And<00:18:17.444> then,<00:18:17.573> of<00:18:17.717> course,<00:18:17.894> then<00:18:18.054> there's<00:18:18.279> the<00:18:18.359> last—<00:18:18.761> that's<00:18:18.921> the<00:18:19.017> third<00:18:19.178> piece.

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And<00:18:19.724> the<00:18:19.820> last<00:18:20.141> piece,<00:18:20.398> of<00:18:20.462> course,<00:18:21.088> is<00:18:21.570> the<00:18:21.650> humanistic<00:18:22.292> element<00:18:22.709> of<00:18:23.175> staying<00:18:23.416> accessible<00:18:23.913> as<00:18:24.074> a<00:18:24.154> leader,<00:18:25.037> making<00:18:25.278> sure<00:18:25.358> that<00:18:25.519> people<00:18:25.824> understand<00:18:26.899> across<00:18:27.349> the<00:18:27.445> company,<00:18:28.087> look,<00:18:28.392> here's<00:18:28.569> where<00:18:28.665> we're<00:18:28.874> headed.

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Let's<00:18:30.238> just<00:18:30.398> have<00:18:30.575> an<00:18:30.720> open<00:18:30.960> conversation,<00:18:31.522> questions,<00:18:32.196> just<00:18:32.405> to<00:18:32.566> make<00:18:32.726> sure<00:18:32.903> people<00:18:33.208> are<00:18:33.384> coming<00:18:34.187> along<00:18:34.508> for<00:18:34.620> the<00:18:34.733> ride<00:18:35.455> because<00:18:35.712> there's<00:18:35.872> a<00:18:35.937> lot<00:18:36.113> changing.

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It's<00:18:36.819> up<00:18:36.932> to<00:18:37.076> leaders<00:18:37.381> ultimately<00:18:37.863> to<00:18:37.975> clarify,<00:18:39.548> reiterate,<00:18:41.154> repeat.

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One<00:18:42.871> of<00:18:42.919> my<00:18:43.080> other<00:18:43.256> titles<00:18:43.658> other<00:18:43.754> than<00:18:43.899> CEO<00:18:44.396> is<00:18:44.765> CRO,<00:18:45.006> not<00:18:45.247> Chief<00:18:45.488> Revenue<00:18:46.290> Officer,<00:18:46.547> but<00:18:46.692> Chief<00:18:47.029> Repeat<00:18:47.414> Officer.

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So<00:18:48.543> I'm<00:18:48.818> constantly<00:18:49.774> mentioning<00:18:50.097> the<00:18:50.178> same<00:18:50.502> thing<00:18:50.729> over<00:18:50.826> and<00:18:50.907> over<00:18:51.150> again,<00:18:51.473> and<00:18:51.571> I<00:18:51.635> just<00:18:52.024> have<00:18:52.105> to<00:18:52.283> do<00:18:52.429> it<00:18:52.477> just<00:18:53.238> to<00:18:53.319> keep<00:18:53.562> people<00:18:53.756> aligned.

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So<00:18:54.452> that's<00:18:54.873> probably<00:18:55.100> on<00:18:55.262> average,<00:18:55.585> I<00:18:55.602> would<00:18:55.747> say,<00:18:55.909> the<00:18:56.006> chunk<00:18:56.249> of<00:18:56.330> my<00:18:56.460> day,<00:18:57.059> the<00:18:57.140> 4<00:18:57.302> pieces.

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What<00:18:58.291> are<00:18:58.340> you<00:18:58.502> reading?

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What<00:18:59.150> reading<00:18:59.393> recommendations<00:19:00.057> would<00:19:00.203> you<00:19:00.284> have<00:19:00.463> for<00:19:00.625> us?

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You<00:19:02.348> know,<00:19:04.405> I<00:19:04.565> like<00:19:04.806> to<00:19:04.983> think<00:19:05.128> about<00:19:05.289> a<00:19:05.385> couple<00:19:05.771> foundational<00:19:06.992> books,<00:19:07.699> and<00:19:07.956> I'm<00:19:09.419> not<00:19:09.644> like<00:19:09.804> a<00:19:09.885> guy<00:19:10.206> like,<00:19:10.431> you<00:19:10.688> know,<00:19:10.785> like<00:19:10.929> a<00:19:11.010> Bill<00:19:11.235> Gates<00:19:11.460> who<00:19:11.640> consumes<00:19:12.297> hundreds<00:19:12.625> of<00:19:12.723> books<00:19:13.052> a<00:19:13.199> year<00:19:13.462> and<00:19:13.626> things<00:19:13.741> like<00:19:13.954> that.

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I'm<00:19:14.365> not<00:19:14.529> that<00:19:14.611> person,<00:19:14.939> but<00:19:15.005> I<00:19:15.185> do<00:19:15.350> read<00:19:15.514> a<00:19:15.678> lot<00:19:15.990> of<00:19:16.743> in-the-moment<00:19:17.705> content<00:19:18.250> that<00:19:18.506> I'm<00:19:18.827> very<00:19:19.228> curious<00:19:19.629> about.

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I'm<00:19:20.190> naturally<00:19:20.607> a<00:19:20.655> curious<00:19:21.072> person,<00:19:21.393> so<00:19:21.441> I'm<00:19:21.874> naturally<00:19:22.355> reading,<00:19:23.172> especially<00:19:23.477> as<00:19:23.573> it<00:19:23.637> relates<00:19:23.894> to<00:19:24.102> AI<00:19:24.439> these<00:19:24.680> days.

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There's<00:19:25.145> so<00:19:25.305> much<00:19:25.545> content.

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I<00:19:26.042> just,<00:19:26.219> you<00:19:26.347> know,<00:19:26.924> even<00:19:27.085> for<00:19:27.245> the<00:19:27.325> most,<00:19:28.287> I<00:19:28.351> would<00:19:28.448> say,<00:19:29.249> well-read<00:19:29.810> people<00:19:30.131> and<00:19:30.291> people<00:19:30.532> who<00:19:30.692> keep<00:19:30.933> up<00:19:31.077> with<00:19:31.173> that<00:19:31.334> sort<00:19:31.478> of<00:19:31.574> thing,<00:19:31.815> you<00:19:31.975> know,<00:19:32.119> on<00:19:32.216> a<00:19:32.280> regular<00:19:32.616> basis<00:19:33.081> in<00:19:33.178> the<00:19:33.322> technical<00:19:33.659> community,<00:19:34.300> it's<00:19:35.102> quite<00:19:35.342> daunting<00:19:35.727> to<00:19:35.823> keep<00:19:36.048> up<00:19:36.144> with<00:19:36.288> the<00:19:36.465> developments<00:19:37.026> on<00:19:37.106> a<00:19:37.266> weekly<00:19:37.587> and<00:19:37.731> daily<00:19:37.988> basis.

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So<00:19:39.495> I<00:19:39.736> find<00:19:39.992> my<00:19:40.153> spots<00:19:40.698> on,<00:19:41.499> you<00:19:41.660> know,<00:19:41.740> I<00:19:41.756> have<00:19:42.093> a<00:19:42.221> couple<00:19:42.494> of<00:19:42.558> subscriptions<00:19:43.183> to<00:19:43.279> things<00:19:43.504> that,<00:19:43.680> you<00:19:43.744> know,<00:19:43.921> keep<00:19:44.081> me<00:19:44.161> up<00:19:44.370> abreast<00:19:44.788> with<00:19:45.529> the<00:19:45.610> latest<00:19:45.997> on<00:19:46.093> the<00:19:46.174> AI<00:19:46.431> space.

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And<00:19:48.510> beyond<00:19:48.783> that,<00:19:48.912> the<00:19:48.977> foundational<00:19:49.557> books<00:19:49.943> are<00:19:51.393> all<00:19:51.490> the<00:19:51.570> things<00:19:51.812> that<00:19:52.376> I'm<00:19:52.762> happy<00:19:53.101> to<00:19:53.230> share,<00:19:53.342> but<00:19:53.648> there<00:19:53.809> are,<00:19:53.970> for<00:19:54.082> example,<00:19:55.032> like<00:19:56.303> team<00:19:56.561> books<00:19:56.883> as<00:19:56.979> an<00:19:57.108> example.

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I'm<00:19:58.492> a<00:19:58.573> big<00:19:58.733> fan<00:19:59.039> of<00:19:59.136> "Five<00:19:59.699> Dysfunctions<00:20:00.182> as<00:20:00.343> a<00:20:00.423> Team."<00:20:00.745> That's<00:20:01.373> always,<00:20:02.782> it's<00:20:02.944> a<00:20:03.009> great<00:20:03.432> Patrick<00:20:03.659> Lencioni<00:20:04.163> book.

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Yeah,<00:20:05.089> Patrick<00:20:05.333> Lencioni,<00:20:05.934> great<00:20:06.194> guy.

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Indeed.

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And<00:20:08.209> the<00:20:08.290> other<00:20:08.534> one<00:20:08.793> would<00:20:08.956> be<00:20:09.590> Carol<00:20:09.931> Dweck,<00:20:10.337> "The<00:20:10.483> Growth<00:20:10.662> Mindset."<00:20:11.651> That's<00:20:12.309> an<00:20:12.342> amazing<00:20:12.721> book<00:20:13.051> also.

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That<00:20:15.462> I<00:20:15.478> read<00:20:16.024> quite<00:20:16.265> early<00:20:16.441> in<00:20:16.473> my<00:20:16.666> career<00:20:17.003> that<00:20:17.100> I<00:20:17.180> found<00:20:17.485> it<00:20:17.549> to<00:20:17.645> be<00:20:17.806> quite—<00:20:18.111> I<00:20:18.224> mention<00:20:18.673> that<00:20:18.834> all<00:20:18.930> the<00:20:19.026> time<00:20:19.364> to<00:20:19.476> people<00:20:19.653> that<00:20:19.765> I<00:20:19.813> engage<00:20:20.857> with.

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So<00:20:21.098> those<00:20:21.258> are<00:20:21.322> probably<00:20:21.499> like<00:20:21.740> a<00:20:21.804> couple<00:20:22.061> foundational<00:20:22.559> ones,<00:20:22.768> along<00:20:22.944> with<00:20:23.169> all<00:20:23.265> the<00:20:23.346> usual<00:20:23.843> suspects<00:20:24.470> of<00:20:25.032> business<00:20:25.417> books<00:20:25.658> that<00:20:25.754> you<00:20:25.834> probably<00:20:26.236> know<00:20:26.477> about,<00:20:27.023> Good<00:20:27.504> to<00:20:27.601> Great<00:20:27.745> and<00:20:28.484> Speed<00:20:28.725> of<00:20:28.805> Trust<00:20:29.014> and<00:20:29.190> all<00:20:29.287> the<00:20:29.367> other<00:20:29.527> ones<00:20:29.752> that<00:20:30.089> I<00:20:30.250> could<00:20:30.410> rattle<00:20:30.667> off.

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As<00:20:32.000> a<00:20:32.080> leader,<00:20:32.723> what<00:20:32.819> do<00:20:32.883> you<00:20:32.980> think<00:20:33.204> the<00:20:33.365> 3<00:20:33.686> most<00:20:34.023> important<00:20:34.489> traits<00:20:34.906> are<00:20:35.934> for<00:20:36.095> one<00:20:36.351> to<00:20:36.512> possess<00:20:36.929> if<00:20:37.058> they're<00:20:37.154> going<00:20:37.251> to<00:20:37.315> be<00:20:37.475> a<00:20:37.491> leader?

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Good.

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I<00:20:39.578> mean,<00:20:39.883> I<00:20:39.947> think<00:20:40.107> this,<00:20:40.444> the<00:20:40.989> leadership<00:20:41.710> definition<00:20:42.592> is<00:20:42.768> very<00:20:43.008> personal<00:20:43.489> to<00:20:43.650> people,<00:20:44.371> individual<00:20:44.772> leaders,<00:20:45.237> obviously.

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So<00:20:45.958> there's<00:20:46.198> no<00:20:46.294> like<00:20:46.599> one<00:20:46.855> answer<00:20:47.400> to<00:20:47.497> that<00:20:47.593> question.

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I'll<00:20:49.132> tell<00:20:49.196> you<00:20:49.260> from<00:20:49.420> my<00:20:49.741> perspective,<00:20:51.023> I<00:20:51.183> think<00:20:51.408> it's<00:20:51.584> very<00:20:51.905> important<00:20:53.187> for<00:20:53.428> leaders<00:20:54.293> to<00:20:54.469> bring<00:20:54.854> a<00:20:54.934> level<00:20:55.335> of<00:20:55.752> energy<00:20:56.714> and<00:20:58.381> vision<00:20:58.942> to<00:20:59.439> wherever<00:20:59.743> the<00:20:59.839> company<00:21:00.160> that,<00:21:00.464> you<00:21:00.496> know,<00:21:00.545> you're<00:21:00.673> trying<00:21:00.881> to<00:21:00.945> take<00:21:01.186> the<00:21:01.282> company,<00:21:01.683> right?

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You<00:21:01.939> need<00:21:02.180> to<00:21:02.244> be<00:21:02.468> very<00:21:02.644> clear<00:21:04.392> and<00:21:04.552> energetic<00:21:05.369> about<00:21:05.690> where<00:21:05.914> you're<00:21:06.075> headed.

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Because<00:21:07.277> if<00:21:07.437> you,<00:21:08.335> one,<00:21:08.575> don't<00:21:08.799> know<00:21:08.896> where<00:21:09.056> you're<00:21:09.200> going,<00:21:09.457> that's<00:21:09.617> a<00:21:09.697> problem<00:21:10.098> because<00:21:10.338> people<00:21:10.563> just<00:21:10.723> don't<00:21:10.899> know.

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They<00:21:11.092> can<00:21:11.140> just<00:21:11.316> sort<00:21:11.460> of<00:21:11.685> do<00:21:11.781> a<00:21:11.845> lot<00:21:11.925> of<00:21:11.957> stuff<00:21:12.342> and<00:21:12.438> just<00:21:12.887> go<00:21:12.983> around<00:21:13.207> in<00:21:13.319> circles.

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So<00:21:14.329> I<00:21:14.409> think<00:21:14.570> one,<00:21:14.746> setting<00:21:15.051> that<00:21:15.211> vision.

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Two,<00:21:16.734> really<00:21:16.990> having<00:21:17.311> forward<00:21:17.775> momentum<00:21:18.352> and<00:21:18.449> forward<00:21:18.977> energy<00:21:19.474> and<00:21:19.555> not<00:21:19.795> just<00:21:20.035> like<00:21:20.196> saying<00:21:20.660> it<00:21:20.757> and<00:21:20.981> talking<00:21:21.302> about<00:21:21.494> it,<00:21:21.558> let's<00:21:21.863> go<00:21:21.959> fast.

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It's<00:21:22.584> also<00:21:22.744> like<00:21:22.985> operationalizing<00:21:24.427> that<00:21:24.603> energy<00:21:25.229> within<00:21:25.405> the<00:21:25.549> context<00:21:25.902> of<00:21:25.966> the<00:21:25.998> company.

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And<00:21:27.088> I<00:21:27.232> think<00:21:27.392> that<00:21:27.633> is<00:21:28.450> a<00:21:28.466> second<00:21:28.915> part<00:21:29.107> is<00:21:29.252> like,<00:21:29.412> how<00:21:29.572> do<00:21:29.636> you<00:21:29.732> have<00:21:29.893> that<00:21:30.053> forward<00:21:30.374> momentum?

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And<00:21:32.041> third<00:21:32.297> one<00:21:32.682> is<00:21:33.034> it's<00:21:33.323> all<00:21:33.403> about<00:21:33.804> like<00:21:34.060> really<00:21:35.825> energizing,<00:21:37.189> I<00:21:37.269> think,<00:21:37.510> the<00:21:38.072> populace<00:21:38.633> to<00:21:38.778> actually<00:21:39.035> like<00:21:39.340> all<00:21:39.580> move<00:21:39.998> in<00:21:40.078> that<00:21:40.303> same<00:21:40.559> direction,<00:21:41.266> right?

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It's<00:21:41.763> like,<00:21:42.582> so<00:21:42.662> it's<00:21:43.192> almost<00:21:43.352> like<00:21:43.593> 3<00:21:43.850> parts<00:21:44.171> of<00:21:44.251> like<00:21:44.411> where<00:21:44.556> are<00:21:44.636> you<00:21:44.716> going,<00:21:45.663> how<00:21:45.776> do<00:21:45.920> you—<00:21:46.498> making<00:21:46.755> sure<00:21:46.963> that<00:21:47.060> you<00:21:47.204> can<00:21:47.782> drive<00:21:48.023> with<00:21:48.247> energy<00:21:48.825> and<00:21:49.210> you<00:21:49.307> are<00:21:49.467> like<00:21:49.692> ultimately<00:21:50.189> leading<00:21:50.430> by<00:21:50.591> example.

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Say<00:21:51.233> we<00:21:51.377> have<00:21:51.538> to<00:21:51.698> go<00:21:51.875> with<00:21:52.019> speed,<00:21:52.356> especially<00:21:52.757> relevant<00:21:53.094> in<00:21:53.175> a<00:21:53.303> company<00:21:53.640> that's,<00:21:53.865> you<00:21:53.897> know,<00:21:54.122> let's<00:21:55.406> say<00:21:55.486> in<00:21:55.566> the<00:21:55.630> high-growth<00:21:56.048> tech<00:21:56.433> space,<00:21:56.754> etc.

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And<00:21:57.155> the<00:21:57.316> third<00:21:57.556> one<00:21:57.717> is<00:21:57.813> like<00:21:57.974> how<00:21:58.086> do<00:21:58.198> you<00:21:58.295> really<00:21:58.600> motivate<00:21:59.081> people<00:22:00.124> and<00:22:00.606> and<00:22:00.846> really<00:22:01.022> sort<00:22:01.183> of<00:22:01.263> energize<00:22:01.824> them<00:22:02.561> to<00:22:02.625> follow<00:22:03.186> in<00:22:03.490> that<00:22:03.667> direction.

00:22:04.212 --> 00:22:05.526
I<00:22:04.244> would<00:22:04.324> say<00:22:04.468> those<00:22:04.644> are<00:22:04.709> the<00:22:04.773> 3<00:22:04.853> pieces.

00:22:06.055 --> 00:22:09.517
What<00:22:06.103> do<00:22:06.167> you<00:22:06.247> think<00:22:06.487> of<00:22:06.632> this<00:22:07.433> kind<00:22:07.673> of<00:22:07.994> new<00:22:08.779> trend?

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I<00:22:10.093> mean,<00:22:10.222> it's<00:22:10.382> been<00:22:10.542> going<00:22:10.622> on<00:22:10.799> for<00:22:10.943> a<00:22:10.959> while,<00:22:11.199> but<00:22:11.360> relatively<00:22:11.840> new<00:22:12.001> in<00:22:12.081> the<00:22:12.225> history<00:22:12.481> of<00:22:12.722> business<00:22:13.764> that<00:22:14.068> people<00:22:14.405> look<00:22:14.645> at<00:22:14.902> CEOs<00:22:15.767> and<00:22:15.911> leaders<00:22:16.328> to<00:22:16.472> speak<00:22:16.793> out<00:22:16.953> on<00:22:17.049> things<00:22:17.289> outside<00:22:17.690> of<00:22:17.770> their<00:22:17.995> company,<00:22:19.533> like<00:22:19.758> an<00:22:19.934> opinion<00:22:20.399> on<00:22:20.495> like<00:22:20.655> macroeconomics,<00:22:22.178> political<00:22:22.723> races,<00:22:23.524> what's<00:22:23.700> going<00:22:24.005> on<00:22:24.582> in<00:22:26.345> foreign<00:22:26.729> countries<00:22:27.066> and<00:22:27.290> wars.

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Like,<00:22:28.268> how<00:22:28.364> do<00:22:28.492> you<00:22:28.668> think<00:22:28.845> about<00:22:29.149> that?

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And<00:22:30.015> what<00:22:30.095> do<00:22:30.175> you—<00:22:30.737> How<00:22:30.817> do<00:22:30.897> you<00:22:30.994> manage<00:22:31.460> that?

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Yeah,<00:22:32.986> yeah,<00:22:33.066> it's<00:22:33.227> a<00:22:33.243> great<00:22:33.404> question.

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I<00:22:33.805> mean,<00:22:34.046> this<00:22:34.175> has<00:22:34.271> obviously<00:22:34.528> been<00:22:34.753> relevant<00:22:35.090> over<00:22:35.187> the<00:22:35.331> past<00:22:35.990> several<00:22:36.376> years<00:22:36.697> as<00:22:36.777> so<00:22:37.002> many<00:22:37.259> things<00:22:37.420> have<00:22:37.500> happened<00:22:37.918> since<00:22:38.143> the<00:22:38.223> pandemic<00:22:38.721> or<00:22:38.802> even<00:22:38.946> pre-pandemic,<00:22:39.589> right?

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It's<00:22:39.894> been<00:22:39.991> happening<00:22:40.304> for<00:22:40.373> a<00:22:40.408> while.

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I<00:22:42.675> think<00:22:42.983> absolutely,<00:22:43.322> I<00:22:43.403> think<00:22:43.549> CEOs<00:22:43.985> have<00:22:44.147> a<00:22:44.212> responsibility<00:22:45.182> to<00:22:45.586> acknowledge<00:22:46.233> what's<00:22:46.460> going<00:22:46.718> around<00:22:47.446> the<00:22:47.689> world.

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And<00:22:48.174> I<00:22:48.190> think,<00:22:48.481> you<00:22:48.562> know,<00:22:48.756> I<00:22:48.966> think<00:22:49.063> it'd<00:22:49.144> be<00:22:49.937> really—<00:22:50.913> I<00:22:51.189> don't<00:22:53.026> think<00:22:53.205> you'd<00:22:53.368> be<00:22:53.514> authentic<00:22:54.083> as<00:22:54.181> a<00:22:54.262> leader<00:22:54.750> if<00:22:55.075> you<00:22:55.221> did<00:22:55.384> not<00:22:55.563> acknowledge<00:22:55.953> it.

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And<00:22:56.332> that's<00:22:56.573> important<00:22:57.279> because<00:22:58.018> these<00:22:58.660> events,<00:22:59.688> while<00:23:00.025> may<00:23:00.121> not<00:23:00.490> be<00:23:00.683> sort<00:23:00.908> of<00:23:00.988> directly<00:23:01.550> relevant<00:23:01.951> to<00:23:02.032> your<00:23:02.192> company,<00:23:03.075> affect<00:23:03.380> people's<00:23:03.701> lives.

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Ultimately,<00:23:04.745> when<00:23:04.922> people<00:23:05.307> are<00:23:05.708> engaged<00:23:06.046> in<00:23:06.142> your<00:23:06.286> company,<00:23:07.491> they<00:23:07.651> spend,<00:23:07.956> let's<00:23:08.133> call<00:23:08.438> it,<00:23:09.096> whatever,<00:23:09.417> 10<00:23:09.642> hours<00:23:09.867> or<00:23:09.899> 8<00:23:10.284> to<00:23:10.461> 10<00:23:10.686> hours<00:23:10.926> a<00:23:11.023> day<00:23:11.504> at<00:23:11.906> work,<00:23:12.933> right?

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And<00:23:14.378> per<00:23:14.780> day.

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And,<00:23:17.124> but<00:23:17.830> that's<00:23:18.392> out<00:23:18.489> of<00:23:18.569> a<00:23:18.585> 24-hour<00:23:19.131> day.

00:23:19.436 --> 00:23:26.070
So<00:23:19.612> meaning<00:23:19.853> like<00:23:20.078> the<00:23:20.239> remaining<00:23:20.640> time<00:23:21.122> they<00:23:21.282> are<00:23:21.716> having<00:23:22.230> think<00:23:22.410> about<00:23:22.590> their<00:23:22.730> family,<00:23:23.250> their<00:23:23.430> friends,<00:23:23.910> what's<00:23:24.190> going<00:23:24.350> around<00:23:24.510> the<00:23:24.670> world,<00:23:24.850> how<00:23:25.030> that<00:23:25.170> impacts<00:23:25.530> them.

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It's<00:23:26.450> their<00:23:26.750> taxes,<00:23:27.630> there's<00:23:27.950> wars,<00:23:28.730> their<00:23:28.890> relatives<00:23:29.310> abroad<00:23:29.710> that<00:23:29.910> got<00:23:30.070> impacted.

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There's<00:23:31.470> elections<00:23:32.930> that<00:23:33.410> they're<00:23:33.810> curious<00:23:33.990> about<00:23:34.210> whether<00:23:34.350> their<00:23:34.590> state's<00:23:34.930> red<00:23:35.070> or<00:23:35.290> blue.

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Like<00:23:35.670> there's<00:23:35.730> so<00:23:35.950> many<00:23:36.110> things<00:23:36.330> that<00:23:37.030> are<00:23:37.150> part<00:23:37.310> of<00:23:37.430> their<00:23:37.610> lives<00:23:37.850> that<00:23:37.970> impact<00:23:38.270> how<00:23:38.449> they<00:23:38.609> show<00:23:38.710> up<00:23:38.850> to<00:23:39.010> work.

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So<00:23:39.790> I<00:23:39.830> think<00:23:39.990> that<00:23:40.170> it<00:23:40.330> would<00:23:40.450> be<00:23:40.690> really<00:23:41.170> obtuse<00:23:41.690> for<00:23:42.090> leaders<00:23:42.470> to<00:23:42.690> say,<00:23:43.030> look,<00:23:43.031> I<00:23:43.190> actually<00:23:43.390> don't<00:23:43.570> care<00:23:43.790> about<00:23:43.930> any<00:23:44.130> of<00:23:44.190> those<00:23:44.310> things<00:23:44.650> and<00:23:44.790> you<00:23:44.930> just<00:23:45.130> like,<00:23:45.350> you<00:23:45.370> have<00:23:45.430> to<00:23:45.610> do<00:23:45.630> your<00:23:45.790> job<00:23:45.990> here.

00:23:46.810 --> 00:24:00.844
So<00:23:47.130> there's<00:23:47.450> a<00:23:47.670> balance<00:23:48.050> is<00:23:48.410> the<00:23:48.570> main<00:23:49.010> point<00:23:49.290> I<00:23:49.530> would<00:23:49.531> make<00:23:49.670> there<00:23:49.870> is<00:23:49.950> I<00:23:50.050> think<00:23:50.210> acknowledging<00:23:50.750> it,<00:23:51.190> giving<00:23:51.390> people<00:23:51.810> space<00:23:52.210> to<00:23:52.230> be<00:23:52.250> able<00:23:52.270> to<00:23:52.290> engage<00:23:52.310> in<00:23:52.330> a<00:23:52.350> constructive<00:23:54.130> discussion<00:23:54.722> and,<00:23:55.187> you<00:23:55.379> know,<00:23:56.245> not<00:23:56.469> in<00:23:56.629> a<00:23:56.870> company-wide<00:23:57.447> setting<00:23:57.703> necessarily<00:23:58.120> because<00:23:58.248> we<00:23:58.344> have<00:23:58.488> a<00:23:58.504> mission<00:23:58.889> to<00:23:59.033> go<00:23:59.113> accomplish<00:23:59.690> and<00:23:59.834> that<00:24:00.011> is<00:24:00.107> important<00:24:00.507> focus.

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That's<00:24:01.036> a<00:24:01.116> primary<00:24:02.334> reason<00:24:02.655> people<00:24:02.895> are<00:24:02.991> at<00:24:03.120> work.

00:24:03.921 --> 00:24:10.908
But<00:24:04.081> if<00:24:04.241> people<00:24:05.619> want<00:24:05.860> to<00:24:06.020> have<00:24:06.180> the<00:24:06.260> ability<00:24:06.661> to<00:24:06.805> share<00:24:07.302> that,<00:24:07.703> there's<00:24:08.023> plenty<00:24:08.520> of<00:24:08.889> avenues<00:24:09.209> that<00:24:09.321> I<00:24:09.369> think<00:24:09.530> companies<00:24:09.802> should<00:24:10.507> provide.

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So<00:24:11.533> as<00:24:11.629> an<00:24:11.709> example,<00:24:12.254> we<00:24:12.414> have<00:24:13.376> a<00:24:13.728> number<00:24:14.033> of<00:24:14.417> ERG<00:24:14.674> groups<00:24:14.914> or<00:24:14.978> employee<00:24:15.395> resource<00:24:15.795> groups<00:24:16.100> that,<00:24:16.517> you<00:24:16.821> know,<00:24:16.981> that<00:24:17.142> talk<00:24:17.318> about<00:24:17.478> various<00:24:17.943> subjects<00:24:18.520> and<00:24:18.600> they're<00:24:18.824> all<00:24:19.065> led<00:24:19.241> by<00:24:19.962> by<00:24:20.508> employees.

00:24:21.648 --> 00:24:31.053
And<00:24:21.728> these<00:24:21.953> are<00:24:21.985> safe<00:24:22.225> spaces<00:24:22.755> for<00:24:22.851> people<00:24:23.092> to<00:24:23.237> go<00:24:23.413> and<00:24:23.493> talk<00:24:23.670> about<00:24:23.895> various<00:24:24.280> things<00:24:25.179> and<00:24:25.259> really<00:24:25.500> have<00:24:25.724> the<00:24:25.837> ability<00:24:26.286> to<00:24:26.623> engage<00:24:26.960> in<00:24:27.089> constructive<00:24:27.586> discussion<00:24:28.148> and<00:24:28.293> have<00:24:28.389> an<00:24:28.485> ability<00:24:28.951> to<00:24:29.031> share<00:24:30.235> their<00:24:30.459> thoughts<00:24:30.780> on<00:24:30.941> it.

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And<00:24:31.840> invariably,<00:24:32.401> some<00:24:32.642> of<00:24:32.706> those<00:24:32.883> things<00:24:33.043> will<00:24:33.188> connect<00:24:33.509> back<00:24:33.862> to<00:24:34.311> things<00:24:34.568> like<00:24:35.515> how<00:24:35.612> we<00:24:35.772> think<00:24:36.013> about<00:24:36.639> what<00:24:36.799> we<00:24:36.976> write,<00:24:37.538> what<00:24:37.859> we—<00:24:38.565> to<00:24:38.645> be<00:24:38.741> sensitive<00:24:39.367> to<00:24:39.865> what's<00:24:40.090> happening<00:24:40.427> externally,<00:24:41.630> how<00:24:41.711> we<00:24:41.871> design<00:24:42.256> our<00:24:42.353> products.

00:24:43.235 --> 00:24:48.227
So<00:24:43.380> I<00:24:43.460> think<00:24:43.797> that<00:24:43.958> context,<00:24:44.439> I<00:24:44.520> think,<00:24:44.664> is<00:24:44.760> important<00:24:45.162> because<00:24:45.386> then<00:24:45.483> you<00:24:45.579> have<00:24:45.739> a<00:24:45.804> sense<00:24:46.285> of<00:24:46.510> like,<00:24:46.606> okay,<00:24:46.911> what<00:24:47.088> the<00:24:47.232> world<00:24:47.505> is<00:24:47.714> going<00:24:47.970> through.

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Everything<00:24:48.772> is<00:24:48.932> interconnected,<00:24:49.509> as<00:24:49.654> we<00:24:49.814> know.

00:24:50.054 --> 00:24:55.471
So<00:24:50.214> it's,<00:24:50.695> again,<00:24:51.016> very—<00:24:51.941> I<00:24:51.961> think<00:24:52.378> it<00:24:52.474> would<00:24:52.779> be<00:24:52.875> silly<00:24:53.339> to<00:24:53.724> just<00:24:53.884> sort<00:24:54.045> of<00:24:54.205> ignore<00:24:54.782> what's<00:24:55.022> going<00:24:55.423> on.

00:24:56.064 --> 00:25:02.490
But<00:24:56.689> I<00:24:56.705> also<00:24:56.881> want<00:24:56.993> to<00:24:57.025> be<00:24:57.169> clear<00:24:57.426> that<00:24:57.666> it<00:24:57.810> doesn't<00:24:58.227> mean<00:24:58.467> the<00:24:58.692> company<00:24:59.028> can<00:24:59.173> just<00:24:59.333> spend<00:24:59.830> 80%<00:25:00.134> of<00:25:00.214> their<00:25:00.310> time<00:25:00.551> thinking<00:25:00.759> about<00:25:01.016> all<00:25:01.112> this<00:25:01.673> as<00:25:01.833> a<00:25:01.913> primary<00:25:02.314> focus.

00:25:02.634 --> 00:25:04.798
The<00:25:02.714> primary<00:25:03.019> focus<00:25:03.355> is<00:25:03.515> to<00:25:03.836> ultimately<00:25:04.140> accomplish<00:25:04.557> the<00:25:04.701> mission.

00:25:05.695 --> 00:25:06.865
So<00:25:05.823> I<00:25:05.919> think<00:25:06.080> that<00:25:06.304> is<00:25:06.416> the<00:25:06.560> focus.

00:25:07.442 --> 00:25:12.554
And<00:25:07.522> so<00:25:07.682> there<00:25:07.842> is<00:25:07.938> a<00:25:08.067> balance,<00:25:09.124> but<00:25:10.006> hopefully<00:25:10.310> I've<00:25:10.406> described<00:25:10.823> to<00:25:10.871> you<00:25:11.047> how<00:25:11.111> I<00:25:11.127> think<00:25:11.192> about<00:25:11.752> the<00:25:11.801> balance.

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Yeah,<00:25:12.986> yeah,<00:25:13.243> yeah.

00:25:13.627 --> 00:25:19.973
How<00:25:13.756> have<00:25:13.948> you<00:25:14.076> landed<00:25:14.461> or<00:25:14.589> how<00:25:14.717> have<00:25:14.909> you<00:25:15.038> managed<00:25:15.422> on<00:25:15.550> this<00:25:15.743> whole<00:25:15.935> debate<00:25:16.256> around<00:25:16.576> work<00:25:16.768> from<00:25:17.025> home,<00:25:17.281> hybrid,<00:25:17.730> everybody<00:25:18.243> in<00:25:18.371> person?

00:25:20.982 --> 00:25:26.901
Yeah,<00:25:21.529> yeah,<00:25:21.690> we've<00:25:21.931> had,<00:25:22.735> you<00:25:22.767> know,<00:25:23.218> a<00:25:23.958> naturally<00:25:24.826> hybrid<00:25:25.807> company<00:25:26.209> for<00:25:26.370> a<00:25:26.451> long<00:25:26.676> time.

00:25:27.014 --> 00:25:40.867
So,<00:25:27.175> you<00:25:27.255> know,<00:25:27.416> we<00:25:27.577> were,<00:25:28.510> you<00:25:28.866> know,<00:25:29.432> I<00:25:29.675> think<00:25:30.792> about<00:25:31.440> 60%<00:25:32.185> of<00:25:32.282> our<00:25:32.347> company<00:25:33.383> was,<00:25:34.850> for<00:25:34.962> example,<00:25:35.221> our<00:25:35.285> marketing<00:25:35.608> organization<00:25:36.092> was<00:25:36.253> remote<00:25:36.511> 60%<00:25:37.060> pre-pandemic,<00:25:38.092> 80%<00:25:38.431> of<00:25:38.576> our<00:25:38.673> product<00:25:39.012> engineering<00:25:39.641> was<00:25:39.867> remote<00:25:40.270> pre-pandemic.

00:25:40.931 --> 00:25:48.825
And<00:25:41.077> overall<00:25:41.496> as<00:25:41.577> a<00:25:41.657> company,<00:25:41.964> I<00:25:41.980> think<00:25:42.141> we're<00:25:42.238> about<00:25:42.448> 40%,<00:25:43.674> only<00:25:43.835> because<00:25:44.319> most<00:25:44.561> of<00:25:44.868> our<00:25:45.191> sales<00:25:45.611> folks<00:25:45.934> were<00:25:46.079> actually<00:25:46.580> in<00:25:46.741> the<00:25:46.887> couple<00:25:47.307> offices<00:25:47.694> that<00:25:47.791> we<00:25:47.888> had<00:25:48.098> in<00:25:48.195> New<00:25:48.260> York<00:25:48.518> and<00:25:48.663> London.

00:25:49.632 --> 00:25:54.359
But<00:25:49.873> post-pandemic,<00:25:50.674> we<00:25:51.074> moved<00:25:51.299> away<00:25:51.843> from<00:25:51.955> those<00:25:52.580> offices<00:25:53.221> for<00:25:53.398> all<00:25:53.558> the<00:25:53.702> obvious<00:25:53.942> reasons.

00:25:54.840 --> 00:25:56.634
And<00:25:54.984> we<00:25:55.240> just<00:25:55.464> became<00:25:55.721> a<00:25:55.785> highly<00:25:56.105> remote<00:25:56.362> company.

00:25:56.682 --> 00:25:59.326
And<00:25:56.826> we<00:25:56.906> operate<00:25:57.179> as<00:25:57.243> 100%<00:25:57.724> remote<00:25:58.028> company,<00:25:58.429> probably<00:25:58.685> one<00:25:58.829> of<00:25:58.909> the<00:25:58.941> few.

00:25:59.871 --> 00:26:07.770
And<00:26:00.191> we<00:26:00.271> haven't<00:26:00.528> had<00:26:00.848> the,<00:26:01.633> you<00:26:01.665> know,<00:26:01.889> like<00:26:02.146> some<00:26:02.370> of<00:26:02.434> the<00:26:02.530> other<00:26:02.675> companies<00:26:03.171> have,<00:26:04.229> the<00:26:04.357> pendulum<00:26:04.693> has<00:26:04.774> swung<00:26:05.094> back<00:26:05.639> for<00:26:05.719> them<00:26:05.815> to<00:26:05.911> sort<00:26:06.071> of<00:26:06.200> get<00:26:06.376> people<00:26:06.680> back<00:26:06.872> in<00:26:07.001> the<00:26:07.161> office<00:26:07.417> and<00:26:07.497> so<00:26:07.722> on.

00:26:08.138 --> 00:26:10.558
We<00:26:08.298> naturally<00:26:08.923> do<00:26:09.084> that<00:26:09.420> as<00:26:09.580> part<00:26:09.885> of<00:26:10.221> once<00:26:10.462> a<00:26:10.478> week.

00:26:10.702 --> 00:26:12.144
We<00:26:10.798> have<00:26:10.942> a<00:26:11.006> lot<00:26:11.167> of<00:26:11.567> shared<00:26:11.823> space.

00:26:12.368 --> 00:26:13.442
I<00:26:12.464> sit<00:26:12.609> in<00:26:12.705> the<00:26:12.785> shared<00:26:13.041> spaces.

00:26:13.586 --> 00:26:16.454
Even<00:26:14.531> this<00:26:15.012> office<00:26:15.348> here,<00:26:15.669> I'm<00:26:15.845> sitting<00:26:16.150> in<00:26:16.214> an<00:26:16.310> office.

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I'm<00:26:16.630> not<00:26:16.726> sitting<00:26:17.015> at<00:26:17.095> home.

00:26:17.832 --> 00:26:19.647
Only<00:26:17.993> because<00:26:18.314> I<00:26:18.394> find<00:26:18.651> it<00:26:18.700> to<00:26:18.796> be<00:26:18.876> more<00:26:19.037> productive.

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And<00:26:20.402> so<00:26:21.044> many<00:26:21.285> of<00:26:21.349> our<00:26:21.509> teams<00:26:22.007> come<00:26:22.248> together<00:26:22.649> on<00:26:22.730> a<00:26:22.810> regular<00:26:23.195> basis<00:26:24.657> to<00:26:24.753> do<00:26:24.897> the<00:26:24.978> same,<00:26:25.363> and,<00:26:25.540> you<00:26:25.604> know,<00:26:25.780> the<00:26:26.086> WeWorks<00:26:26.342> and<00:26:26.423> the<00:26:26.487> Regus<00:26:27.065> of<00:26:27.145> the<00:26:27.290> world.

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And<00:26:28.478> then<00:26:28.574> once<00:26:28.831> a<00:26:28.912> year<00:26:29.152> we<00:26:29.457> come<00:26:29.554> together<00:26:29.875> as<00:26:29.971> a<00:26:30.035> company<00:26:30.662> to<00:26:30.694> do<00:26:30.919> an<00:26:30.999> annual<00:26:31.465> company<00:26:31.721> kickoff.

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Most<00:26:33.150> years<00:26:33.327> we've<00:26:33.488> done<00:26:33.648> that<00:26:34.050> in<00:26:34.210> person,<00:26:34.852> and<00:26:34.933> some<00:26:35.174> we've<00:26:35.318> done<00:26:35.495> it<00:26:35.639> virtually.

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Just<00:26:36.603> sort<00:26:36.699> of<00:26:36.763> depends<00:26:37.100> on<00:26:37.261> what's<00:26:37.486> going,<00:26:37.727> you<00:26:37.759> know,<00:26:38.289> that's<00:26:39.027> hopefully<00:26:39.348> there<00:26:39.413> are<00:26:39.445> no<00:26:39.589> more<00:26:39.750> pandemics,<00:26:40.296> but,<00:26:40.874> but<00:26:41.018> that's,<00:26:41.355> uh,<00:26:41.982> those<00:26:42.158> are<00:26:42.190> scenarios<00:26:42.624> where<00:26:42.672> we've<00:26:42.784> had<00:26:43.186> feel<00:26:43.266> that.

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Finally,<00:26:44.647> we<00:26:44.807> end<00:26:44.984> every<00:26:45.209> interview<00:26:45.449> with<00:26:45.594> the<00:26:45.674> same<00:26:45.915> question,<00:26:46.573> and<00:26:46.718> that<00:26:46.959> is,<00:26:47.296> at<00:26:47.392> CEO.com,<00:26:48.259> we<00:26:48.403> believe<00:26:48.644> the<00:26:48.741> chances<00:26:49.142> one<00:26:49.367> gives<00:26:49.720> is<00:26:49.848> just<00:26:50.025> as<00:26:50.105> important<00:26:50.410> as<00:26:50.442> the<00:26:50.571> chances<00:26:50.908> one<00:26:51.068> takes.

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When<00:26:52.272> you<00:26:52.497> hear<00:26:52.674> that,<00:26:52.899> who<00:26:53.075> gave<00:26:53.300> you<00:26:53.476> a<00:26:53.493> chance<00:26:53.958> to<00:26:54.038> get<00:26:54.199> you<00:26:54.295> to<00:26:54.424> where<00:26:54.584> you<00:26:54.745> are<00:26:54.841> today?

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Yeah,<00:26:56.848> easily,<00:26:57.634> easily.

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I<00:26:58.132> would<00:26:58.293> say<00:26:58.999> if<00:26:59.416> I<00:26:59.497> take<00:26:59.657> it<00:26:59.802> all<00:26:59.914> the<00:27:00.043> way<00:27:00.219> back,<00:27:01.728> you<00:27:01.809> know,<00:27:02.049> I<00:27:02.467> am<00:27:02.964> an<00:27:03.093> immigrant<00:27:03.414> story.

00:27:03.831 --> 00:27:07.411
So<00:27:04.056> for<00:27:04.217> me,<00:27:04.698> it<00:27:04.859> was—<00:27:05.581> I<00:27:05.678> grew<00:27:05.822> up<00:27:05.918> in<00:27:05.999> India<00:27:06.223> until<00:27:06.400> I<00:27:06.448> was<00:27:06.544> about<00:27:06.721> 17.

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You<00:27:08.648> know,<00:27:09.129> I<00:27:09.193> had<00:27:09.450> this<00:27:09.976> opportunity<00:27:10.557> to<00:27:11.219> study<00:27:11.606> abroad<00:27:12.252> based<00:27:12.575> on<00:27:13.382> a<00:27:13.414> deal<00:27:13.704> that<00:27:13.850> I<00:27:13.882> made<00:27:13.995> with<00:27:14.189> my<00:27:14.350> parents<00:27:14.657> saying<00:27:14.834> if<00:27:14.979> I<00:27:15.060> got<00:27:15.221> a<00:27:15.238> scholarship,<00:27:16.938> I<00:27:17.597> would<00:27:18.160> do<00:27:18.320> it.

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And<00:27:18.642> they<00:27:18.819> were<00:27:18.963> very<00:27:19.349> uncomfortable<00:27:19.783> about<00:27:20.008> it<00:27:20.088> because<00:27:20.249> I<00:27:20.329> was<00:27:20.410> only<00:27:20.586> 17<00:27:21.117> and<00:27:21.278> they<00:27:21.519> had<00:27:21.695> never<00:27:22.161> even<00:27:22.338> known<00:27:22.579> about<00:27:22.740> anybody<00:27:23.142> leaving<00:27:24.331> home<00:27:24.893> that<00:27:25.006> early<00:27:25.392> to<00:27:25.714> go<00:27:25.956> thousands<00:27:26.213> of<00:27:26.294> miles<00:27:26.536> away<00:27:26.842> and<00:27:26.938> so<00:27:27.164> on.

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And<00:27:29.017> so<00:27:29.806> when<00:27:29.968> I<00:27:30.145> got<00:27:30.403> my<00:27:30.612> college<00:27:30.870> scholarship<00:27:31.756> in<00:27:31.837> Maine,<00:27:32.223> I<00:27:32.400> was<00:27:33.432> absolutely<00:27:34.404> grateful.

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And<00:27:35.399> so<00:27:35.546> they<00:27:35.644> gave<00:27:35.807> me<00:27:35.889> a<00:27:35.954> chance.

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None<00:27:36.868> of<00:27:36.933> this<00:27:37.097> would<00:27:37.178> have<00:27:37.260> been<00:27:37.358> possible<00:27:38.011> if<00:27:38.192> were<00:27:38.272> not<00:27:38.496> for<00:27:39.458> the<00:27:39.538> school<00:27:39.938> that<00:27:40.099> gave<00:27:40.259> me<00:27:40.339> an<00:27:40.419> opportunity<00:27:40.836> to,<00:27:40.980> you<00:27:41.076> know,<00:27:41.541> come<00:27:42.134> over<00:27:42.518> from<00:27:43.704> India<00:27:43.961> to<00:27:44.057> the<00:27:44.185> U.S.<00:27:44.826> and<00:27:45.243> make<00:27:45.403> my<00:27:45.563> way<00:27:46.044> over,<00:27:46.332> you<00:27:46.685> know,<00:27:46.765> a<00:27:46.829> couple<00:27:47.807> decades<00:27:48.512> after<00:27:48.688> that.

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And<00:27:49.153> so<00:27:49.489> I'm<00:27:49.650> very<00:27:49.954> grateful<00:27:50.851> to<00:27:51.172> both<00:27:51.332> the<00:27:51.396> university,<00:27:52.053> where<00:27:52.358> I<00:27:52.550> now<00:27:52.758> serve<00:27:53.031> on<00:27:53.095> the<00:27:53.175> Board<00:27:53.399> of<00:27:53.560> Visitors<00:27:54.201> as<00:27:54.762> a<00:27:54.778> result<00:27:55.274> of,<00:27:55.499> you<00:27:55.579> know,<00:27:55.739> my<00:27:56.604> attempt<00:27:56.925> to<00:27:57.021> give<00:27:57.181> back,<00:27:57.742> and<00:27:57.886> also,<00:27:59.505> and<00:27:59.649> also<00:28:00.370> obviously<00:28:00.771> the<00:28:00.851> United<00:28:01.108> States,<00:28:01.652> that<00:28:01.909> is<00:28:02.309> the<00:28:02.470> greatest<00:28:02.870> country<00:28:03.111> in<00:28:03.175> the<00:28:03.271> world.

00:28:04.473 --> 00:28:06.124
Rashaad,<00:28:04.858> thank<00:28:05.018> you<00:28:05.114> so<00:28:05.290> much<00:28:05.595> for<00:28:05.739> coming<00:28:05.996> on.

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Seriously,<00:28:06.685> it<00:28:06.717> means<00:28:06.958> a<00:28:07.038> lot.

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You<00:28:07.519> were<00:28:07.663> at<00:28:07.759> the<00:28:07.839> forefront<00:28:08.625> of<00:28:10.324> a<00:28:10.404> whole<00:28:10.580> new<00:28:10.885> world<00:28:11.366> coming<00:28:11.750> in<00:28:11.910> with<00:28:12.071> this<00:28:12.311> AI<00:28:12.568> stuff<00:28:13.193> and<00:28:13.754> how<00:28:13.914> developers<00:28:14.475> work<00:28:14.651> with<00:28:14.812> it.

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It's<00:28:15.357> incredible<00:28:15.774> to<00:28:15.870> talk<00:28:16.110> to<00:28:16.158> you.

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Thank<00:28:17.441> you<00:28:17.473> so<00:28:17.633> much.

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Thank<00:28:19.124> you,<00:28:19.220> Clint.

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Thank<00:28:19.701> you<00:28:19.781> so<00:28:19.941> much<00:28:20.101> for<00:28:20.181> your<00:28:20.262> wonderful<00:28:20.598> questions<00:28:21.063> and<00:28:21.207> thoughtful<00:28:21.464> questions.

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So<00:28:22.185> look<00:28:22.345> forward<00:28:22.906> to<00:28:22.987> more<00:28:23.211> conversations.

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Oh,<00:28:42.530> back,<00:28:42.550> back.